Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.64.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒था क॒विस्तु॑वी॒रवा॒न्कया॑ गि॒रा बृह॒स्पति॑र्वावृधते सुवृ॒क्तिभि॑: । अ॒ज एक॑पात्सु॒हवे॑भि॒ॠक्व॑भि॒रहि॑: शृणोतु बु॒ध्न्यो॒३॒॑ हवी॑मनि ॥
कथा कविस्तुवीरवान्कया गिरा बृहस्पतिर्वावृधते सुवृक्तिभिः । अज एकपात्सुहवेभिॠक्वभिरहिः शृणोतु बुध्न्यो हवीमनि ॥
kathā kavis tuvīravān kayā girā bṛhaspatir vāvṛdhate suvṛktibhiḥ | aja ekapāt suhavebhir ṛkvabhir ahiḥ śṛṇotu budhnyo havīmani ||

English translation:

“How is the sage(Agni) adored by multitudes, and by what praises? Bṛhaspati is magnified with sacredhymns; Aja, walking alone, is magnified with solemn invocations and prayers; may Ahirbudhnya hear us at theseason of invocation.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ahirbudhnya: ahiḥ budhnyaḥ, the deep dragon

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gayaḥ plātaḥ [gaya plāta];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क॒था । क॒विः । तु॒वि॒ऽरवा॑न् । कया॑ । गि॒रा । बृह॒स्पतिः॑ । व॒वृ॒ध॒ते॒ । सु॒वृ॒क्तिऽभिः॑ । अ॒जः । एक॑ऽपात् । सु॒ऽहवे॑भिः । ऋक्व॑ऽभिः । अहिः॑ । शृ॒णो॒तु॒ । बु॒ध्न्यः॑ । हवी॑मनि ॥
कथा । कविः । तुविरवान् । कया । गिरा । बृहस्पतिः । ववृधते । सुवृक्तिभिः । अजः । एकपात् । सुहवेभिः । ऋक्वभिः । अहिः । शृणोतु । बुध्न्यः । हवीमनि ॥
kathā | kaviḥ | tuvi-ravān | kayā | girā | bṛhaspatiḥ | vavṛdhate | suvṛkti-bhiḥ | ajaḥ | eka-pāt | su-havebhiḥ | ṛkva-bhiḥ | ahiḥ | śṛṇotu | budhnyaḥ | havīmani

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.64.4 English analysis of grammar]

kathā

[adverb]

“how.”

kavis < kaviḥ < kavi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

tuvīravān < tuvīravat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

kayā < ka

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“what; who; ka [pronoun].”

girā < gir

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

bṛhaspatir < bṛhaspatiḥ < bṛhaspati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”

vāvṛdhate < vṛdh

[verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

suvṛktibhiḥ < suvṛkti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“praise.”

aja < ajaḥ < aja

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“unborn.”

ekapāt < ekapād

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Shiva.”

suhavebhir < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suhavebhir < havebhiḥ < hava

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“invocation.”

ṛkvabhir < ṛkvabhiḥ < ṛkvan

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“singing.”

ahiḥ < ahi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

śṛṇotu < śru

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

budhnyo < budhnyaḥ < budhnya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

havīmani < havīman

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“call; invocation.”

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