Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.10.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रात्री॑भिरस्मा॒ अह॑भिर्दशस्ये॒त्सूर्य॑स्य॒ चक्षु॒र्मुहु॒रुन्मि॑मीयात् । दि॒वा पृ॑थि॒व्या मि॑थु॒ना सब॑न्धू य॒मीर्य॒मस्य॑ बिभृया॒दजा॑मि ॥
रात्रीभिरस्मा अहभिर्दशस्येत्सूर्यस्य चक्षुर्मुहुरुन्मिमीयात् । दिवा पृथिव्या मिथुना सबन्धू यमीर्यमस्य बिभृयादजामि ॥
rātrībhir asmā ahabhir daśasyet sūryasya cakṣur muhur un mimīyāt | divā pṛthivyā mithunā sabandhū yamīr yamasya bibhṛyād ajāmi ||

English translation:

“(Yami speaks). To him (Yam) let every worshipper sacrifice both day and night, on him let the eye ofthe Sun repeatedly rise; (for him may) the kindred pair (day and night unite) with heaven and earth. Yama willadhere to the non- affinity of Yama.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yama will adhere: or, may Yamī bear patiently Yama's unbrotherly (refusal)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): yamo vaivasvataḥ [yama vaivasvata];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): yamī vaivasvatī ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रात्री॑भिः । अ॒स्मै॒ । अह॑ऽभिः । द॒श॒स्ये॒त् । सूर्य॑स्य । चक्षुः॑ । मुहुः॑ । उत् । मि॒मी॒या॒त् । दि॒वा । पृ॒थि॒व्या । मि॒थु॒ना । सब॑न्धू॒ इति॒ सऽब॑न्धू । य॒मीः । य॒मस्य॑ । बि॒भृ॒या॒त् । अजा॑मि ॥
रात्रीभिः । अस्मै । अहभिः । दशस्येत् । सूर्यस्य । चक्षुः । मुहुः । उत् । मिमीयात् । दिवा । पृथिव्या । मिथुना । सबन्धू इति सबन्धू । यमीः । यमस्य । बिभृयात् । अजामि ॥
rātrībhiḥ | asmai | aha-bhiḥ | daśasyet | sūryasya | cakṣuḥ | muhuḥ | ut | mimīyāt | divā | pṛthivyā | mithunā | sabandhūitisa-bandhū | yamīḥ | yamasya | bibhṛyāt | ajāmi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.10.9 English analysis of grammar]

rātrībhir < rātrībhiḥ < rātri

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“night; night; rātri [word]; turmeric; Rātri; day; night.”

asmā < asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

ahabhir < ahabhiḥ < aha

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“day; aha [word]; day.”

daśasyet < daśasy

[verb], singular, Present optative

sūryasya < sūrya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

cakṣur < cakṣuḥ < cakṣus

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“eye; look; visual perception; cakṣus [word]; sight.”

muhur

[adverb]

“again; repeatedly; continually.”

un < ud

[adverb]

“up.”

mimīyāt <

[verb], singular, Present optative

“transgress; damage.”

divā < div

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

pṛthivyā < pṛthivī

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

mithunā < mithuna

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“twin; couple; couple; coupling; sexual intercourse; Gemini.”

sabandhū < sabandhu

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“related.”

yamīr < yamīḥ < yamī

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“Yamī.”

yamasya < yama

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”

bibhṛyād < bibhṛyāt < bhṛ

[verb], singular, Present optative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

ajāmi

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“incest.”

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