Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.3.19

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

निरि॑न्द्र बृह॒तीभ्यो॑ वृ॒त्रं धनु॑भ्यो अस्फुरः । निरर्बु॑दस्य॒ मृग॑यस्य मा॒यिनो॒ निः पर्व॑तस्य॒ गा आ॑जः ॥
निरिन्द्र बृहतीभ्यो वृत्रं धनुभ्यो अस्फुरः । निरर्बुदस्य मृगयस्य मायिनो निः पर्वतस्य गा आजः ॥
nir indra bṛhatībhyo vṛtraṃ dhanubhyo asphuraḥ | nir arbudasya mṛgayasya māyino niḥ parvatasya gā ājaḥ ||

English translation:

“You have extirpated Vṛtra with your mighty weapons; you have been the destroyer of the deceptiveArbuda and Ṃgaya; you have extricated the cattle from the mountain.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhyātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhyātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

निः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । बृ॒ह॒तीभ्यः॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । धनु॑ऽभ्यः । अ॒स्फु॒रः॒ । निः । अर्बु॑दस्य । मृग॑यस्य । मा॒यिनः॑ । निः । पर्व॑तस्य । गाः । आ॒जः॒ ॥
निः । इन्द्र । बृहतीभ्यः । वृत्रम् । धनुभ्यः । अस्फुरः । निः । अर्बुदस्य । मृगयस्य । मायिनः । निः । पर्वतस्य । गाः । आजः ॥
niḥ | indra | bṛhatībhyaḥ | vṛtram | dhanu-bhyaḥ | asphuraḥ | niḥ | arbudasya | mṛgayasya | māyinaḥ | niḥ | parvatasya | gāḥ | ājaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.3.19 English analysis of grammar]

nir < niḥ

[adverb]

“niḥ; away; out; without.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

bṛhatībhyo < bṛhatībhyaḥ < bṛhat

[noun], ablative, plural, feminine

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

vṛtraṃ < vṛtram < vṛtra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

dhanubhyo < dhanubhyaḥ < dhanū

[noun], ablative, plural, feminine

“sandbank.”

asphuraḥ < sphur

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“glitter; bounce; quiver; pulsate.”

nir < niḥ

[adverb]

“niḥ; away; out; without.”

arbudasya < arbuda

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Arbuda; Arbuda; Arbuda.”

mṛgayasya < mṛgaya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

māyino < māyinaḥ < māyin

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“artful; charming; crafty; deceptive.”

niḥ

[adverb]

“niḥ; away; out; without.”

parvatasya < parvata

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“mountain; Parvata; parvata [word]; Parvata; Parvata; rock; height.”

< gāḥ < go

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

ājaḥ < aj

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“drive; expel.”

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