Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.3.15

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उदु॒ त्ये मधु॑मत्तमा॒ गिर॒: स्तोमा॑स ईरते । स॒त्रा॒जितो॑ धन॒सा अक्षि॑तोतयो वाज॒यन्तो॒ रथा॑ इव ॥
उदु त्ये मधुमत्तमा गिरः स्तोमास ईरते । सत्राजितो धनसा अक्षितोतयो वाजयन्तो रथा इव ॥
ud u tye madhumattamā giraḥ stomāsa īrate | satrājito dhanasā akṣitotayo vājayanto rathā iva ||

English translation:

“These most sweet songs, these hymns of praise ascent (to you), like triumphant chariots laden withwealth, charged with unfailing protections, intended to procure food.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Like triumphant chariots: vājayantahannam icchanto rathā iva, though the epithets are plural masc., yet, they agree with rathāḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhyātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhyātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । त्ये । मधु॑मत्ऽतमाः । गिरः॑ । स्तोमा॑सः । ई॒र॒ते॒ । स॒त्रा॒ऽजितः॑ । ध॒न॒ऽसाः । अक्षि॑तऽऊतयः । वा॒ज॒यन्तः॑ । रथाः॑ऽइव ॥
उत् । ऊँ इति । त्ये । मधुमत्तमाः । गिरः । स्तोमासः । ईरते । सत्राजितः । धनसाः । अक्षितऊतयः । वाजयन्तः । रथाःइव ॥
ut | oṃ iti | tye | madhumat-tamāḥ | giraḥ | stomāsaḥ | īrate | satrājitaḥ | dhana-sāḥ | akṣita-ūtayaḥ | vājayantaḥ | rathāḥ-iva

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.3.15 English analysis of grammar]

ud

[adverb]

“up.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

tye < tya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“that.”

madhumattamā < madhumattamāḥ < madhumattama

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“sweetest.”

gira < giraḥ < gir

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

stomāsa < stomāsaḥ < stoma

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

īrate < īr

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“go.”

satrājito < satrājitaḥ < satrājit

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Satrājit.”

dhanasā < dhanasāḥ < dhanasā

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

akṣitotayo < akṣita

[noun]

“undecaying; uninjured.”

akṣitotayo < ūtayaḥ < ūti

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

vājayanto < vājayantaḥ < vājay < √vaj

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“incite.”

rathā < rathāḥ < ratha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

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