Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.41.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ह्वया॑मसि॒ त्वेन्द्र॑ याह्य॒र्वाङरं॑ ते॒ सोम॑स्त॒न्वे॑ भवाति । शत॑क्रतो मा॒दय॑स्वा सु॒तेषु॒ प्रास्माँ अ॑व॒ पृत॑नासु॒ प्र वि॒क्षु ॥
ह्वयामसि त्वेन्द्र याह्यर्वाङरं ते सोमस्तन्वे भवाति । शतक्रतो मादयस्वा सुतेषु प्रास्माँ अव पृतनासु प्र विक्षु ॥
hvayāmasi tvendra yāhy arvāṅ araṃ te somas tanve bhavāti | śatakrato mādayasvā suteṣu prāsmām̐ ava pṛtanāsu pra vikṣu ||

English translation:

“We invoke you, Indra, come down; may the Soma be sufficient for (the satisfaction of) your person n; exult Śatakratu with the libations, defend us in combats, and against the people.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Pra asmān avapṛtanāsu pra vikṣu: pra = prasakṣ, especially protect us; na kevalam saṅgrāmeṣu kintu sarvāsu prajāsu, not only in wars, but in or against all people

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ह्वया॑मसि । त्वा॒ । आ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । या॒हि॒ । अ॒र्वाङ् । अर॑म् । ते॒ । सोमः॑ । त॒न्वे॑ । भ॒वा॒ति॒ । शत॑क्रतो॒ इति॒ शत॑ऽक्रतो । मा॒दय॑स्व । सु॒तेषु॑ । प्र । अ॒स्मान् । अ॒व॒ । पृत॑नासु । प्र । वि॒क्षु ॥
ह्वयामसि । त्वा । आ । इन्द्र । याहि । अर्वाङ् । अरम् । ते । सोमः । तन्वे । भवाति । शतक्रतो इति शतक्रतो । मादयस्व । सुतेषु । प्र । अस्मान् । अव । पृतनासु । प्र । विक्षु ॥
hvayāmasi | tvā | ā | indra | yāhi | arvāṅ | aram | te | somaḥ | tanve | bhavāti | śatakrato itiśata-krato | mādayasva | suteṣu | pra | asmān | ava | pṛtanāsu | pra | vikṣu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.41.5 English analysis of grammar]

hvayāmasi < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

tvendra < tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

tvendra < indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

yāhy < yāhi <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

arvāṅ < arvāñc

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“approaching; facing; less.”

araṃ < aram

[adverb]

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

somas < somaḥ < soma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

tanve < tanū

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“body; self; own(a); person; form.”

bhavāti < bhū

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

śatakrato < śatakratu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

mādayasvā < mādayasva < māday < √mad

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“delight; enjoy; intoxicate.”

suteṣu < suta

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“son; child.”

prāsmāṃ < pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

prāsmāṃ < asmāṃ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

ava < av

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

pṛtanāsu < pṛtanā

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“army; battle; pṛtanā [word]; pṛtanā.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

vikṣu < viś

[noun], locative, plural

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

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