Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.58.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सिन्धो॑रिव प्राध्व॒ने शू॑घ॒नासो॒ वात॑प्रमियः पतयन्ति य॒ह्वाः । घृ॒तस्य॒ धारा॑ अरु॒षो न वा॒जी काष्ठा॑ भि॒न्दन्नू॒र्मिभि॒: पिन्व॑मानः ॥
सिन्धोरिव प्राध्वने शूघनासो वातप्रमियः पतयन्ति यह्वाः । घृतस्य धारा अरुषो न वाजी काष्ठा भिन्दन्नूर्मिभिः पिन्वमानः ॥
sindhor iva prādhvane śūghanāso vātapramiyaḥ patayanti yahvāḥ | ghṛtasya dhārā aruṣo na vājī kāṣṭhā bhindann ūrmibhiḥ pinvamānaḥ ||
English translation:
“The stream of Ghī fall copious, swift as the wind, and rapid as the waters of a river down a declivity, breaking through the confining banks, and hurrying on with their waves, like a high-spirited steed.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Swift as the wind: vāta pramiyaḥ vayūvat prakṛṣṭavega; the comparison may be to Sindhu, a river agitated by the wind; breaking through the confining banks: kāṣṭhā bhindan urmibhiḥ pinvamānaḥ: kāṣṭhā = limiting circles; maryādābhūtān paridhīn limits within which the flowing butter increases with its juice; ghṛta may also mean water, when sindhu will imploy antarikṣa
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ sūryo vā'po vā gāvo vā ghṛtaṃ vā ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdanuṣṭup;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सिन्धोः॑ऽइव । प्र॒ऽअ॒ध्व॒ने । शू॒घ॒नासः॑ । वात॑ऽप्रमियः । प॒त॒य॒न्ति॒ । य॒ह्वाः । घृ॒तस्य॑ । धाराः॑ । अ॒रु॒षः । न । वा॒जी । काष्ठाः॑ । भि॒न्दन् । ऊ॒र्मिभिः॑ । पिन्व॑मानः ॥
सिन्धोःइव । प्रअध्वने । शूघनासः । वातप्रमियः । पतयन्ति । यह्वाः । घृतस्य । धाराः । अरुषः । न । वाजी । काष्ठाः । भिन्दन् । ऊर्मिभिः । पिन्वमानः ॥
sindhoḥ-iva | pra-adhvane | śūghanāsaḥ | vāta-pramiyaḥ | patayanti | yahvāḥ | ghṛtasya | dhārāḥ | aruṣaḥ | na | vājī | kāṣṭhāḥ | bhindan | ūrmibhiḥ | pinvamānaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.58.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“fly.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“youngest; youthful; active.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“ghee; fat.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“red; red.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; bird; seven; hero; achiever; aphrodisiac.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“kāṣṭhā; quarter; body of water.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“break; incise; burst; divide; cut; cleave; destroy; cure; disturb; lance; break; distinguish; disclose; pierce; tear; separate; transgress; break open; scratch; penetrate; sever; bribe; grind; betray; fester; strike.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“wave; billow.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“swell; swell; overflow; abound.”