Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.41.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ यु॒वं व॑रुणा भू॒तम॒स्या धि॒यः प्रे॒तारा॑ वृष॒भेव॑ धे॒नोः । सा नो॑ दुहीय॒द्यव॑सेव ग॒त्वी स॒हस्र॑धारा॒ पय॑सा म॒ही गौः ॥
इन्द्रा युवं वरुणा भूतमस्या धियः प्रेतारा वृषभेव धेनोः । सा नो दुहीयद्यवसेव गत्वी सहस्रधारा पयसा मही गौः ॥
indrā yuvaṃ varuṇā bhūtam asyā dhiyaḥ pretārā vṛṣabheva dhenoḥ | sā no duhīyad yavaseva gatvī sahasradhārā payasā mahī gauḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra and Varuṇa, be the exciters of this our praise, as the bull is of the cows; may that cow (of praise) yield us (reward), like a large cow that has gone forth to pasture, whose thousand channels (are filled) with milk.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ । यु॒वम् । व॒रु॒णा॒ । भू॒तम् । अ॒स्याः । धि॒यः । प्रे॒तारा॑ । वृ॒ष॒भाऽइ॑व । धे॒नोः । सा । नः॒ । दु॒ही॒य॒त् । यव॑साऽइव । ग॒त्वी । स॒हस्र॑ऽधारा । पय॑सा । म॒ही । गौः ॥
इन्द्रा । युवम् । वरुणा । भूतम् । अस्याः । धियः । प्रेतारा । वृषभाइव । धेनोः । सा । नः । दुहीयत् । यवसाइव । गत्वी । सहस्रधारा । पयसा । मही । गौः ॥
indrā | yuvam | varuṇā | bhūtam | asyāḥ | dhiyaḥ | pretārā | vṛṣabhāiva | dhenoḥ | sā | naḥ | duhīyat | yavasāiva | gatvī | sahasra-dhārā | payasā | mahī | gauḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.41.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, dual
“you.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[verb], dual, Aorist imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“beneficent.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“milk.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“eatage; pasture; fodder.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb noun]
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[noun], neuter
“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”