Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.41.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तो॒के हि॒ते तन॑य उ॒र्वरा॑सु॒ सूरो॒ दृशी॑के॒ वृष॑णश्च॒ पौंस्ये॑ । इन्द्रा॑ नो॒ अत्र॒ वरु॑णा स्याता॒मवो॑भिर्द॒स्मा परि॑तक्म्यायाम् ॥
तोके हिते तनय उर्वरासु सूरो दृशीके वृषणश्च पौंस्ये । इन्द्रा नो अत्र वरुणा स्यातामवोभिर्दस्मा परितक्म्यायाम् ॥
toke hite tanaya urvarāsu sūro dṛśīke vṛṣaṇaś ca pauṃsye | indrā no atra varuṇā syātām avobhir dasmā paritakmyāyām ||

English translation:

“May Indra and Varuṇa, the overthrowers (of foes), be around us with (their) protections; (that thereby we may have) good sons and grandsons, and fertile lands, and long life, and virility.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Be around us: paritakmyāyām = paritakane, in the night, i.e. may Indra and Varuṇa protect us in the night against evil spirits; long life: sūro dṛśike = sūryasya cirakāladarśanāya, for the sight of the sun for a long time, i.e. cirajivanāya, for long life

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तो॒के । हि॒ते । तन॑ये । उ॒र्वरा॑सु । सूरः॑ । दृशी॑के । वृष॑णः । च॒ । पौंस्ये॑ । इन्द्रा॑ । नः॒ । अत्र॑ । वरु॑णा । स्या॒ता॒म् । अवः॑ऽभिः । द॒स्मा । परि॑ऽतक्म्यायाम् ॥
तोके । हिते । तनये । उर्वरासु । सूरः । दृशीके । वृषणः । च । पौंस्ये । इन्द्रा । नः । अत्र । वरुणा । स्याताम् । अवःभिः । दस्मा । परितक्म्यायाम् ॥
toke | hite | tanaye | urvarāsu | sūraḥ | dṛśīke | vṛṣaṇaḥ | ca | paiṃsye | indrā | naḥ | atra | varuṇā | syātām | avaḥ-bhiḥ | dasmā | pari-takmyāyām

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.41.6 English analysis of grammar]

toke < toka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“offspring.”

hite < dhā

[verb noun], locative, singular

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

tanaya < tanaye < tanaya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“biological.”

urvarāsu < urvarā

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“field; Urvarā.”

sūro < sūraḥ < svar

[adverb]

“sun; sky; sunlight.”

dṛśīke < dṛśīka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“visual perception.”

vṛṣaṇaś < vṛṣaṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

pauṃsye < pauṃsya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“manfulness; deed; army; strength.”

indrā < indra

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

atra

[adverb]

“now; there; then; then; there; here; here; in the following; alternatively; now.”

varuṇā < varuṇa

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

syātām < as

[verb], dual, Present optative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

avobhir < avobhiḥ < avas

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“aid; favor; protection.”

dasmā < dasma

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“overlord.”

paritakmyāyām < paritakmyā

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

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