Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.30.18

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त त्या स॒द्य आर्या॑ स॒रयो॑रिन्द्र पा॒रत॑: । अर्णा॑चि॒त्रर॑थावधीः ॥
उत त्या सद्य आर्या सरयोरिन्द्र पारतः । अर्णाचित्ररथावधीः ॥
uta tyā sadya āryā sarayor indra pārataḥ | arṇācitrarathāvadhīḥ ||

English translation:

“You have slain at once those two Āryas, Arṇa and Citraratha, (dwellig) on the opposite (bank) of the Sarayu.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Those two Āryas: āryā = āryābhimānau, āryatvabhimāninau, presuming on their dignity as āryas, and being without any faith or devotion

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त । त्या । स॒द्यः । आर्या॑ । स॒रयोः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । पा॒रतः॑ । अर्णा॑चि॒त्रर॑था । अ॒व॒धीः॒ ॥
उत । त्या । सद्यः । आर्या । सरयोः । इन्द्र । पारतः । अर्णाचित्ररथा । अवधीः ॥
uta | tyā | sadyaḥ | āryā | sarayoḥ | indra | pārataḥ | arṇācitrarathā | avadhīḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.30.18 English analysis of grammar]

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

tyā < tya

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“that.”

sadya < sadyas

[adverb]

“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”

āryā < ārya

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“noble; noble; Indo-European; ārya [word]; honorable; noble.”

sarayor < sarayoḥ < sarayu

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

pārataḥ < pāratas

[adverb]

arṇācitrarathāvadhīḥ < arṇā

[noun], feminine

arṇācitrarathāvadhīḥ < citrarathā < citraratha

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“Citraratha.”

arṇācitrarathāvadhīḥ < vadhīḥ < vadh

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”

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