Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.30.17

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त त्या तु॒र्वशा॒यदू॑ अस्ना॒तारा॒ शची॒पति॑: । इन्द्रो॑ वि॒द्वाँ अ॑पारयत् ॥
उत त्या तुर्वशायदू अस्नातारा शचीपतिः । इन्द्रो विद्वाँ अपारयत् ॥
uta tyā turvaśāyadū asnātārā śacīpatiḥ | indro vidvām̐ apārayat ||

English translation:

“The lord of acts, the wise Indra, has borne across (their difficulties), Turvaśas and Yadu, when denied inauguration.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Apārayat =he enabled to cross; i.e., he made them worthy to be inaugurated or crowned which they were not at first, as the text implies by asnātārau, not bathers; allusion is to their exclusion from the succession in favour of the young son Puru by their father Yayāti

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उ॒त । त्या । तु॒र्वशा॒यदू॒ इति॑ । अ॒स्ना॒तारा॑ । शची॒ऽपतिः॑ । इन्द्रः॑ । वि॒द्वान् । अ॒पा॒र॒य॒त् ॥
उत । त्या । तुर्वशायदू इति । अस्नातारा । शचीपतिः । इन्द्रः । विद्वान् । अपारयत् ॥
uta | tyā | turvaśāyadū iti | asnātārā | śacī-patiḥ | indraḥ | vidvān | apārayat

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.30.17 English analysis of grammar]

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

tyā < tya

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“that.”

turvaśāyadū < turvaśa

[noun], masculine

turvaśāyadū < yadū < yadu

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“Yadu; Yadu.”

asnātārā < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

asnātārā < snātārā < snātṛ

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

śacīpatiḥ < śacīpati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

vidvāṃ < vid

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

apārayat < pāray < √pṛ

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“rescue; keep alive; satisfy; save; resist; endure.”

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