Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.54.17
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
म॒हत्तद्व॑: कवय॒श्चारु॒ नाम॒ यद्ध॑ देवा॒ भव॑थ॒ विश्व॒ इन्द्रे॑ । सख॑ ऋ॒भुभि॑: पुरुहूत प्रि॒येभि॑रि॒मां धियं॑ सा॒तये॑ तक्षता नः ॥
महत्तद्वः कवयश्चारु नाम यद्ध देवा भवथ विश्व इन्द्रे । सख ऋभुभिः पुरुहूत प्रियेभिरिमां धियं सातये तक्षता नः ॥
mahat tad vaḥ kavayaś cāru nāma yad dha devā bhavatha viśva indre | sakha ṛbhubhiḥ puruhūta priyebhir imāṃ dhiyaṃ sātaye takṣatā naḥ ||
English translation:
“Sages acquainted with the past, excellent is that beautiful appellation under which you have both become gods in (the sphere of) Indra; do you, Indra, the invoked of many, a friend, (associated) with the beloved ṛbhus, shape this prayer for our benefit.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
That beautiful appellation: cāru nāma = agreeable or acceptable act or devotion, nāmakarma nāmānām vā, cāru, manoharam, by which the Aśvins attained deification, yena devatvam prāpnutha; in the preceding verse, sajātyam cāru nāma is explained as sajāte bhavam kamanīyam, desirable cognate appellation
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatirvaiśvāmitro vācyo vā [prajāpatirvaiśvāmitra vācya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
म॒हत् । तत् । वः॒ । क॒व॒यः॒ । चारु॑ । नाम॑ । यत् । ह॒ । दे॒वाः॒ । भव॑थ । विश्वे॑ । इन्द्रे॑ । सखाः॑ । ऋ॒भुऽभिः॑ । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒त॒ । प्रि॒येभिः॑ । इ॒माम् । धिय॑म् । सा॒तये॑ । त॒क्ष॒त॒ । नः॒ ॥
महत् । तत् । वः । कवयः । चारु । नाम । यत् । ह । देवाः । भवथ । विश्वे । इन्द्रे । सखाः । ऋभुभिः । पुरुहूत । प्रियेभिः । इमाम् । धियम् । सातये । तक्षत । नः ॥
mahat | tat | vaḥ | kavayaḥ | cāru | nāma | yat | ha | devāḥ | bhavatha | viśve | indre | sakhāḥ | ṛbhu-bhiḥ | puru-hūta | priyebhiḥ | imām | dhiyam | sātaye | takṣata | naḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.54.17 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“you.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Kubera.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Ribhus.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; Vishnu.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“victory; acquisition; contest.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“produce; shape; fashion; chisel; invent.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”