Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.45.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वृ॒त्र॒खा॒दो व॑लंरु॒जः पु॒रां द॒र्मो अ॒पाम॒जः । स्थाता॒ रथ॑स्य॒ हर्यो॑रभिस्व॒र इन्द्रो॑ दृ॒ळ्हा चि॑दारु॒जः ॥
वृत्रखादो वलंरुजः पुरां दर्मो अपामजः । स्थाता रथस्य हर्योरभिस्वर इन्द्रो दृळ्हा चिदारुजः ॥
vṛtrakhādo valaṃrujaḥ purāṃ darmo apām ajaḥ | sthātā rathasya haryor abhisvara indro dṛḻhā cid ārujaḥ ||
English translation:
“The evourer of Vṛtra, the fracturer of the cloud, the sender of the waters, the demolisher of cities, Indra, the destroyer of powerful enemies, has mounted his chariot to urge his horses to our presence.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वृ॒त्र॒ऽखा॒दः । व॒ल॒म्ऽरु॒जः । पु॒राम् । द॒र्मः । अ॒पाम् । अ॒जः । स्थाता॑ । रथ॑स्य । हर्योः॑ । अ॒भि॒ऽस्व॒रे । इन्द्रः॑ । दृ॒ळ्हा । चि॒त् । आ॒ऽरु॒जः ॥
वृत्रखादः । वलम्रुजः । पुराम् । दर्मः । अपाम् । अजः । स्थाता । रथस्य । हर्योः । अभिस्वरे । इन्द्रः । दृळ्हा । चित् । आरुजः ॥
vṛtra-khādaḥ | valam-rujaḥ | purām | darmaḥ | apām | ajaḥ | sthātā | rathasya | haryoḥ | abhi-svare | indraḥ | dṛḷhā | cit | ārujaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.45.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“eating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“goat; Vishnu; Brahma; Shiva; Aja; aja [word]; Aja; aj; Ocimum gratissimum; Puruṣa.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], genitive, dual, masculine
“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“hard; intense; firm; fixed; resolute; mesomorphic; grim; dṛḍha [word]; rainproof; sturdy; shut; firm; insoluble; strong; tough; tight.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“breaking.”