Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.36.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इन्द्रा॑य॒ सोमा॑: प्र॒दिवो॒ विदा॑ना ऋ॒भुर्येभि॒र्वृष॑पर्वा॒ विहा॑याः । प्र॒य॒म्यमा॑ना॒न्प्रति॒ षू गृ॑भा॒येन्द्र॒ पिब॒ वृष॑धूतस्य॒ वृष्ण॑: ॥
इन्द्राय सोमाः प्रदिवो विदाना ऋभुर्येभिर्वृषपर्वा विहायाः । प्रयम्यमानान्प्रति षू गृभायेन्द्र पिब वृषधूतस्य वृष्णः ॥
indrāya somāḥ pradivo vidānā ṛbhur yebhir vṛṣaparvā vihāyāḥ | prayamyamānān prati ṣū gṛbhāyendra piba vṛṣadhūtasya vṛṣṇaḥ ||

English translation:

“To Indra have libations been presented in the days of old, whereby he has become illustrious, the regulator of time, the granter of desires; accept, Indra, these prescribed (offerings), and drink of this auspicous (Soma), expressed by the stones.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Has become illustrious: ṛbhur yebhiḥ, vṛṣaparvā vihāyāḥ = with which (libations) he is ṛbhu;or, dītaḥ, enlightened;

Vṛṣaparvā= he on whom the rainy season and other divisions of time parvāṇi, depend; or, time itself, kālātamakaḥ and vihāyā, who abandons or resigns to those who ask anything, that which they desire; the two first, ṛbhu and vṛṣaparvā may also be considered proper names or appellations of Indra; expressed by the stones: vṛṣadhūtasya vṛṣnaḥ: vṛs. = showering, raining; i.e. rain-shaken rainer;

Vṛṣṇaḥ = Soma that bestows svarga and such other benefits; grāvabhir abhiṣūtam, expressed by the stones used for the purpose; using the same idea of their being showerers or bestowers of blessings

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इन्द्रा॑य । सोमाः॑ । प्र॒ऽदिवः॑ । विदा॑नाः । ऋ॒भुः । येभिः॑ । वृष॑ऽपर्वा । विऽहा॑याः । प्र॒ऽय॒म्यमा॑नान् । प्रति॑ । सु । गृ॒भा॒य॒ । इन्द्र॑ । पिब॑ । वृष॑ऽधूतस्य । वृष्णः॑ ॥
इन्द्राय । सोमाः । प्रदिवः । विदानाः । ऋभुः । येभिः । वृषपर्वा । विहायाः । प्रयम्यमानान् । प्रति । सु । गृभाय । इन्द्र । पिब । वृषधूतस्य । वृष्णः ॥
indrāya | somāḥ | pra-divaḥ | vidānāḥ | ṛbhuḥ | yebhiḥ | vṛṣa-parvā | vi-hāyāḥ | pra-yamyamānān | prati | su | gṛbhāya | indra | piba | vṛṣa-dhūtasya | vṛṣṇaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.36.2 English analysis of grammar]

indrāya < indra

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

somāḥ < soma

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

pradivo < pradivaḥ < pradiv

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“age-old; long.”

vidānā < vidānāḥ < vid

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

ṛbhur < ṛbhuḥ < ṛbhu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Ribhus.”

yebhir < yebhiḥ < yad

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vṛṣaparvā < vṛṣa < vṛṣan

[noun]

“bullocky; potent; powerful; strong; manly; aroused; potent; much(a); male; large.”

vṛṣaparvā < parvā < parvan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“joint; knot; festival; day; articulation; knot.”

vihāyāḥ < vihāyas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“vigorous.”

prayamyamānān < prayam < √yam

[verb noun], accusative, plural

“give; emit; send; transmit.”

prati

[adverb]

“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

ṣū < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

gṛbhāyendra < gṛbhāya < gṛbhāy < √grah

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“accept.”

gṛbhāyendra < indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

piba <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

vṛṣadhūtasya < vṛṣa < vṛṣan

[noun]

“bullocky; potent; powerful; strong; manly; aroused; potent; much(a); male; large.”

vṛṣadhūtasya < dhūtasya < dhū

[verb noun], genitive, singular

“shake; remove; chase away.”

vṛṣṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

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