Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.6.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
म॒हान्त्स॒धस्थे॑ ध्रु॒व आ निष॑त्तो॒ऽन्तर्द्यावा॒ माहि॑ने॒ हर्य॑माणः । आस्क्रे॑ स॒पत्नी॑ अ॒जरे॒ अमृ॑क्ते सब॒र्दुघे॑ उरुगा॒यस्य॑ धे॒नू ॥
महान्त्सधस्थे ध्रुव आ निषत्तोऽन्तर्द्यावा माहिने हर्यमाणः । आस्क्रे सपत्नी अजरे अमृक्ते सबर्दुघे उरुगायस्य धेनू ॥
mahān sadhasthe dhruva ā niṣatto 'ntar dyāvā māhine haryamāṇaḥ | āskre sapatnī ajare amṛkte sabardughe urugāyasya dhenū ||
English translation:
“The great and adorable Agni is firm seated on his spacious throne between heaven and earth; and the powerful fellow-brides (of the sun), the imperishable uninjurable (heaven and earth) are the two milk-yielding cows of the wide-extending (Agni).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The fellow-brides: sapatnī, the two brides of one; i.e. the sun: samāna ekaḥ sūryaḥ patiryayoste sapatnyau
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
म॒हान् । स॒धऽस्थे॑ । ध्रु॒वः । आ । निऽस॑त्तः । अ॒न्तः । द्यावा॑ । माहि॑ने॒ इति॑ । हर्य॑माणः । आस्क्रे॒ इति॑ । स॒पत्नी॒ इति॑ स॒ऽपत्नी॑ । अ॒जरे॒ इति॑ । अमृ॑क्ते॒ इति॑ । स॒ब॒र्दुघे॒ इति॑ स॒बः॒ऽदुघे॑ । उ॒रु॒ऽगा॒यस्य॑ । धे॒नू इति॑ ॥
महान् । सधस्थे । ध्रुवः । आ । निसत्तः । अन्तः । द्यावा । माहिने इति । हर्यमाणः । आस्क्रे इति । सपत्नी इति सपत्नी । अजरे इति । अमृक्ते इति । सबर्दुघे इति सबःदुघे । उरुगायस्य । धेनू इति ॥
mahān | sadha-sthe | dhruvaḥ | ā | ni-sattaḥ | antaḥ | dyāvā | māhineiti | haryamāṇaḥ | āskre iti | sapatnī itisa-patnī | ajareiti | amṛkte iti | sabardugheitisabaḥ-dughe | uru-gāyasya | dhenū iti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.6.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“dwelling; location; home.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“certain; fixed; permanent; changeless; firm; safe; resident; immovable; fixed; fixed; vital; faithful.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“sit down; sit; put.”
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“mighty; large.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“delight.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“sapatnī; rival; sapatnī [word]; mistress.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“undecaying; ageless.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“new; undamaged; complete.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”