Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.3.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
के॒तुं य॒ज्ञानां॑ वि॒दथ॑स्य॒ साध॑नं॒ विप्रा॑सो अ॒ग्निं म॑हयन्त॒ चित्ति॑भिः । अपां॑सि॒ यस्मि॒न्नधि॑ संद॒धुर्गिर॒स्तस्मि॑न्त्सु॒म्नानि॒ यज॑मान॒ आ च॑के ॥
केतुं यज्ञानां विदथस्य साधनं विप्रासो अग्निं महयन्त चित्तिभिः । अपांसि यस्मिन्नधि संदधुर्गिरस्तस्मिन्त्सुम्नानि यजमान आ चके ॥
ketuṃ yajñānāṃ vidathasya sādhanaṃ viprāso agnim mahayanta cittibhiḥ | apāṃsi yasminn adhi saṃdadhur giras tasmin sumnāni yajamāna ā cake ||
English translation:
“The wise worship, with (pious) rites, Agni, the sign of sacrifices, the accomplishment of the solemnity, in whom the reciters of (his) praises have accusative ulated (their) acts (of devotion), and from whom the worshipper hopes for happiness.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The sign of sacrifices: ketum yajñānām: ketu = a banner; it is often used in the Veda in the sense of prajñāpaka, a sign, a signal, that which makes any thing known
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vaiśvānaro'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
के॒तुम् । य॒ज्ञाना॑म् । वि॒दथ॑स्य । साध॑नम् । विप्रा॑सः । अ॒ग्निम् । म॒ह॒य॒न्त॒ । चित्ति॑ऽभिः । अपां॑सि । यस्मि॑न् । अधि॑ । स॒म्ऽद॒धुः । गिरः॑ । तस्मि॑न् । सु॒म्नानि॑ । यज॑मानः । आ । च॒के॒ ॥
केतुम् । यज्ञानाम् । विदथस्य । साधनम् । विप्रासः । अग्निम् । महयन्त । चित्तिभिः । अपांसि । यस्मिन् । अधि । सम्दधुः । गिरः । तस्मिन् । सुम्नानि । यजमानः । आ । चके ॥
ketum | yajñānām | vidathasya | sādhanam | viprāsaḥ | agnim | mahayanta | citti-bhiḥ | apāṃsi | yasmin | adhi | sam-dadhuḥ | giraḥ | tasmin | sumnāni | yajamānaḥ | ā | cake
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.3.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“banner; ketu; sunbeam; enemy; sign; Premna spinosa Roxb.; comet; signal; signal; luminosity.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“meeting; wisdom; council.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“effective; performing.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Brahmin; poet; singer; priest; guru; Vipra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“glorify.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“purpose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“work; deed.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“connect; refer; aim; grow together; compress; ally; unite; operate on.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“favor; benevolence; sumna [word]; entreaty; favor.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“like; delight; desire.”