Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.151.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र सा क्षि॒तिर॑सुर॒ या महि॑ प्रि॒य ऋता॑वानावृ॒तमा घो॑षथो बृ॒हत् । यु॒वं दि॒वो बृ॑ह॒तो दक्ष॑मा॒भुवं॒ गां न धु॒र्युप॑ युञ्जाथे अ॒पः ॥
प्र सा क्षितिरसुर या महि प्रिय ऋतावानावृतमा घोषथो बृहत् । युवं दिवो बृहतो दक्षमाभुवं गां न धुर्युप युञ्जाथे अपः ॥
pra sā kṣitir asura yā mahi priya ṛtāvānāv ṛtam ā ghoṣatho bṛhat | yuvaṃ divo bṛhato dakṣam ābhuvaṃ gāṃ na dhury upa yuñjāthe apaḥ ||
English translation:
“Powerful divinities, most acceptable to you both is that spot, (where you are worshipped); accepters of sacrifice, proclaim the great ceremony (as duly performed); for you two connect the efficacious and comprehensive rise with the vast heaven, like a cow with a burden.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
You two connect: divo bṛhato dakṣam ābhuvam gām na dhuri upayuñjāthe apas, you two join the work (apas) able (to support the burden) of heaven, and applying to all creatures, as a cow to a load; the allusion is to the adequacy of worship or sacrifice to effect its objects, or realize its rewards, as the cow is able to bear a burden suited to her bodily strength: dhurīśārīrabalasya nirvāhe tad artham gām na dhenum iva; or, the allusion may be to her ability to give milk and the rest, kṣīrādikam iva
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र । सा । क्षि॒तिः । अ॒सु॒र॒ । या । महि॑ । प्रि॒या । ऋत॑ऽवानौ । ऋ॒तम् । आ । घो॒ष॒थः॒ । बृ॒हत् । यु॒वम् । दि॒वः । बृ॒ह॒तः॒ । दक्ष॑म् । आ॒ऽभुव॑म् । गाम् । न । धु॒रि । उप॑ । यु॒ञ्जा॒थे॒ इति॑ । अ॒पः ॥
प्र । सा । क्षितिः । असुर । या । महि । प्रिया । ऋतवानौ । ऋतम् । आ । घोषथः । बृहत् । युवम् । दिवः । बृहतः । दक्षम् । आभुवम् । गाम् । न । धुरि । उप । युञ्जाथे इति । अपः ॥
pra | sā | kṣitiḥ | asura | yā | mahi | priyā | ṛta-vānau | ṛtam | ā | ghoṣathaḥ | bṛhat | yuvam | divaḥ | bṛhataḥ | dakṣam | ābhuvam | gām | na | dhuri | upa | yuñjātheiti | apaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.151.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī; people; dwelling; battlefield; Earth; estate; colony; house.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“great; firm.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[noun], nominative, dual
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“assistant.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“yoke; dhur [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”