Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.140.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आद॑स्य॒ ते ध्व॒सय॑न्तो॒ वृथे॑रते कृ॒ष्णमभ्वं॒ महि॒ वर्प॒: करि॑क्रतः । यत्सीं॑ म॒हीम॒वनिं॒ प्राभि मर्मृ॑शदभिश्व॒सन्त्स्त॒नय॒न्नेति॒ नान॑दत् ॥
आदस्य ते ध्वसयन्तो वृथेरते कृष्णमभ्वं महि वर्पः करिक्रतः । यत्सीं महीमवनिं प्राभि मर्मृशदभिश्वसन्त्स्तनयन्नेति नानदत् ॥
ād asya te dhvasayanto vṛtherate kṛṣṇam abhvam mahi varpaḥ karikrataḥ | yat sīm mahīm avanim prābhi marmṛśad abhiśvasan stanayann eti nānadat ||

English translation:

“Thereupon those (flames of Agni) extend together in all directions, dispersing gloom, and spreading great light along the path of darkness; when (Agni) illumines repeatedly the whole earth, and proceeds panting thundering, and roaring aloud.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आत् । अ॒स्य॒ । ते । ध्व॒सय॑न्तः । वृथा॑ । ई॒र॒ते॒ । कृ॒ष्णम् । अभ्व॑म् । महि॑ । वर्पः॑ । करि॑क्रतः । यत् । सी॒म् । म॒हीम् । अ॒वनि॑म् । प्र । अ॒भि । मर्मृ॑शत् । अ॒भि॒ऽश्व॒सन् । स्त॒नयन् । एति॑ । नान॑दत् ॥
आत् । अस्य । ते । ध्वसयन्तः । वृथा । ईरते । कृष्णम् । अभ्वम् । महि । वर्पः । करिक्रतः । यत् । सीम् । महीम् । अवनिम् । प्र । अभि । मर्मृशत् । अभिश्वसन् । स्तनयन् । एति । नानदत् ॥
āt | asya | te | dhvasayantaḥ | vṛthā | īrate | kṛṣṇam | abhvam | mahi | varpaḥ | karikrataḥ | yat | sīm | mahīm | avanim | pra | abhi | marmṛśat | abhi-śvasan | stanayan | eti | nānadat

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.140.5 English analysis of grammar]

ād < āt

[adverb]

“then.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

te < tad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

dhvasayanto < dhvasayantaḥ < dhvasay < √dhvaṃs

[verb noun], nominative, plural

vṛtherate < vṛthā

[adverb]

“vainly; incorrectly; unnecessarily; at will.”

vṛtherate < īrate < īr

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“go.”

kṛṣṇam < kṛṣṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“black; dark; dark; blue; black.”

abhvam < abhva

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“monstrosity; nothingness; void; force.”

mahi

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“great; firm.”

varpaḥ < varpas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“form; look; disguise.”

karikrataḥ < karikṛ < √kṛ

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“produce.”

yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

sīm

[adverb]

mahīm < mah

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

avanim < avani

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“river; earth; floor; path; bed; course.”

prābhi < pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

prābhi < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

marmṛśad < marmṛśat < marmṛś < √mṛś

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

abhiśvasan < abhiśvas < √śvas

[verb noun], nominative, singular

stanayann < stanayan < stanay < √stan

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“thunder; thunder.”

eti < i

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

nānadat < nānad < √nad

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“bellow.”

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