Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.138.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रप्र॑ पू॒ष्णस्तु॑विजा॒तस्य॑ शस्यते महि॒त्वम॑स्य त॒वसो॒ न त॑न्दते स्तो॒त्रम॑स्य॒ न त॑न्दते । अर्चा॑मि सुम्न॒यन्न॒हमन्त्यू॑तिं मयो॒भुव॑म् । विश्व॑स्य॒ यो मन॑ आयुयु॒वे म॒खो दे॒व आ॑युयु॒वे म॒खः ॥
प्रप्र पूष्णस्तुविजातस्य शस्यते महित्वमस्य तवसो न तन्दते स्तोत्रमस्य न तन्दते । अर्चामि सुम्नयन्नहमन्त्यूतिं मयोभुवम् । विश्वस्य यो मन आयुयुवे मखो देव आयुयुवे मखः ॥
pra-pra pūṣṇas tuvijātasya śasyate mahitvam asya tavaso na tandate stotram asya na tandate | arcāmi sumnayann aham antyūtim mayobhuvam | viśvasya yo mana āyuyuve makho deva āyuyuve makhaḥ ||

English translation:

“The greatness of the strength of the many-worshipped Pūṣan is universally lauded; no one detracts (from his praise); his praise displeases no one. Desirous of happiness, I adore him, whose protection is ever nigh; who is the source of felicity; who, when devoutly worshipped, blends with the thoughts of all (his worshippers); who, (thought) a deity, is united with the sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Mana āyuyuve makha, deva āyuyuve makhaḥ : the text intends to identify Pūṣan, spiritually or mystically, with the performer and and the performance of the worship; a different explanation is offered: makha = yajñavān, having or receiving sacrifice, who confers the boon the sacrificer solicits, thus 'mixing with' or assenting to his thoughts or mind (mana ayuyuve samantād miśrayati s'Ighravara pradānāt); makha repeated is equated with makham, objective case, the sacrifice, with which Pūṣan mixes, or is present at, until completed, sampūrtiparyantam miśrayati

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parucchepo;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pūṣā ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdatyaṣṭiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रऽप्र॑ । पू॒ष्णः । तु॒वि॒ऽजा॒तस्य॑ । श॒स्य॒ते॒ । म॒हि॒ऽत्वम् । अ॒स्य॒ । त॒वसः॑ । न । त॒न्द॒ते॒ । स्तो॒त्रम् । अ॒स्य॒ । न । त॒न्द॒ते॒ । अर्चा॑मि । सु॒म्न॒ऽयन् । अ॒हम् । अन्ति॑ऽऊतिम् । म॒यः॒ऽभुव॑म् । विश्व॑स्य । यः । मनः॑ । आ॒ऽयु॒यु॒वे । म॒खः । दे॒वः । आ॒ऽयु॒यु॒वे । म॒खः ॥
प्रप्र । पूष्णः । तुविजातस्य । शस्यते । महित्वम् । अस्य । तवसः । न । तन्दते । स्तोत्रम् । अस्य । न । तन्दते । अर्चामि । सुम्नयन् । अहम् । अन्तिऊतिम् । मयःभुवम् । विश्वस्य । यः । मनः । आयुयुवे । मखः । देवः । आयुयुवे । मखः ॥
pra-pra | pūṣṇaḥ | tuvi-jātasya | śasyate | mahi-tvam | asya | tavasaḥ | na | tandate | stotram | asya | na | tandate | arcāmi | sumna-yan | aham | anti-ūtim | mayaḥ-bhuvam | viśvasya | yaḥ | manaḥ | āyuyuve | makhaḥ | devaḥ | āyuyuve | makhaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.138.1 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

pūṣṇas < pūṣṇaḥ < pūṣan

[noun], genitive, singular

“Pushan; pūṣan [word]; sun.”

tuvijātasya < tuvi

[noun]

“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”

tuvijātasya < jātasya < jan

[verb noun], genitive, singular

“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

śasyate < śaṃs

[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv

“recommend; tell; praise; approve; communicate; recite; commend; bode; name; agree.”

mahitvam < mahi

[noun]

“great; firm.”

mahitvam < tvam < tva

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“state; quality; cause; reason.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

tavaso < tavasaḥ < tavas

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“strong; energetic.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

tandate < tand

[verb], singular, Present indikative

stotram < stotra

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“hymn; praise.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

tandate < tand

[verb], singular, Present indikative

arcāmi < arc

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

sumnayann < sumnayan < sumnay

[verb noun], nominative, singular

aham < mad

[noun], nominative, singular

“I; mine.”

antyūtim < antyūti

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

mayobhuvam < mayobhu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

viśvasya < viśva

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mana < manaḥ < manas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”

āyuyuve < āyu < √yu

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

makho < makhaḥ < makha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

deva < devaḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

āyuyuve < āyu < √yu

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

makhaḥ < makha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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