Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.134.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुभ्य॑मु॒षास॒: शुच॑यः परा॒वति॑ भ॒द्रा वस्त्रा॑ तन्वते॒ दंसु॑ र॒श्मिषु॑ चि॒त्रा नव्ये॑षु र॒श्मिषु॑ । तुभ्यं॑ धे॒नुः स॑ब॒र्दुघा॒ विश्वा॒ वसू॑नि दोहते । अज॑नयो म॒रुतो॑ व॒क्षणा॑भ्यो दि॒व आ व॒क्षणा॑भ्यः ॥
तुभ्यमुषासः शुचयः परावति भद्रा वस्त्रा तन्वते दंसु रश्मिषु चित्रा नव्येषु रश्मिषु । तुभ्यं धेनुः सबर्दुघा विश्वा वसूनि दोहते । अजनयो मरुतो वक्षणाभ्यो दिव आ वक्षणाभ्यः ॥
tubhyam uṣāsaḥ śucayaḥ parāvati bhadrā vastrā tanvate daṃsu raśmiṣu citrā navyeṣu raśmiṣu | tubhyaṃ dhenuḥ sabardughā viśvā vasūni dohate | ajanayo maruto vakṣaṇābhyo diva ā vakṣaṇābhyaḥ ||

English translation:

“For you, the brilliant dawns, (rising) from afar, spread abroad their auspicious raiment in inviting rays; in variegated and glorious rays; for these, the cow that yields ambrosia milks all kinds of treasure; you beget the Maruts, of the firmament, for (the purpose) of showering rain; (for the purpose of replenishing) the rivers.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Inviting rays: daṃsu, raśmiṣu: daṃsu = daṃseṣu karmavatsu, doing their work; or, daṃsa = a house, i.e. in rays investing or covering the world like a house; or, it may refer to the chamber of sacrifice, in which the fires are lighted at dawn, and the rays or flames of the fire may be said to offer a raiment to Vāyu; bhadra vastra, auspicious garments;

Sabardughā: sabar = amṛta

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parucchepo daivodāsiḥ [parucchepa daivodāsi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vāyu:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍatyaṣṭiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुभ्य॑म् । उ॒षसः॑ । शुच॑यः । प॒रा॒वति॑ । भ॒द्रा । वस्त्रा॑ । त॒न्व॒ते॒ । दम्ऽसु॑ । र॒श्मिषु॑ । चि॒त्रा । नव्ये॑षु । र॒श्मिषु॑ । तुभ्य॑म् । धे॒नुः । स॒बः॒ऽदुघा॑ । विश्वा॑ । वसू॑नि । दो॒ह॒ते॒ । अज॑नयः । म॒रुतः॑ । व॒क्षणा॑भ्यः । दि॒वः । आ । व॒क्षणा॑भ्यः ॥
तुभ्यम् । उषसः । शुचयः । परावति । भद्रा । वस्त्रा । तन्वते । दम्सु । रश्मिषु । चित्रा । नव्येषु । रश्मिषु । तुभ्यम् । धेनुः । सबःदुघा । विश्वा । वसूनि । दोहते । अजनयः । मरुतः । वक्षणाभ्यः । दिवः । आ । वक्षणाभ्यः ॥
tubhyam | uṣasaḥ | śucayaḥ | parāvati | bhadrā | vastrā | tanvate | dam-su | raśmi ṣu | citrā | navyeṣu | raśmiṣu | tubhyam | dhenuḥ | sabaḥ-dughā | viśvā | vasūni | dohate | ajanayaḥ | marutaḥ | vakṣaṇābhyaḥ | divaḥ | ā | vakṣaṇābhyaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.134.4 English analysis of grammar]

tubhyam < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

uṣāsaḥ < uṣas

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”

śucayaḥ < śuci

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

parāvati < parāvat

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“distance; distance; distance.”

bhadrā < bhadra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”

vastrā < vastra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“fabric; clothing; dress; vastra [word].”

tanvate < tan

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”

daṃsu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

raśmiṣu < raśmi

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”

citrā < citra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”

navyeṣu < navya

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“new; fresh.”

raśmiṣu < raśmi

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”

tubhyaṃ < tubhyam < tvad

[noun], dative, singular

“you.”

dhenuḥ < dhenu

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”

sabardughā < sabardugha

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

viśvā < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

vasūni < vasu

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

dohate < duh

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“milk.”

ajanayo < ajanayaḥ < janay < √jan

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“cause; give birth; produce; beget; generate; originate; create; create; make.”

maruto < marutaḥ < marut

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

vakṣaṇābhyo < vakṣaṇābhyaḥ < vakṣaṇā

[noun], ablative, plural, feminine

“abdomen; udder; inside.”

diva < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vakṣaṇābhyaḥ < vakṣaṇā

[noun], ablative, plural, feminine

“abdomen; udder; inside.”

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