Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.63.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वं स॒त्य इ॑न्द्र धृ॒ष्णुरे॒तान्त्वमृ॑भु॒क्षा नर्य॒स्त्वं षाट् । त्वं शुष्णं॑ वृ॒जने॑ पृ॒क्ष आ॒णौ यूने॒ कुत्सा॑य द्यु॒मते॒ सचा॑हन् ॥
त्वं सत्य इन्द्र धृष्णुरेतान्त्वमृभुक्षा नर्यस्त्वं षाट् । त्वं शुष्णं वृजने पृक्ष आणौ यूने कुत्साय द्युमते सचाहन् ॥
tvaṃ satya indra dhṛṣṇur etān tvam ṛbhukṣā naryas tvaṃ ṣāṭ | tvaṃ śuṣṇaṃ vṛjane pṛkṣa āṇau yūne kutsāya dyumate sacāhan ||
English translation:
“You, Indra, the best of all beings, the assailer and humiliator (of your foes), the chief ot the Ṛbhus, the friend of man, the subduer of enemies, did aid the young and illustrious Kutsa, and slew Śuṣna, in the deadly and close-fought fight.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Ṛbhukṣa = Ṛbhūnām adhipati; teṣu kṛtanivāsaḥ, he who abides in the Ṛbhus;
Ṛbhu = a wise man, a sage (medhāvin)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वम् । स॒त्यः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । धृ॒ष्णुः । ए॒तान् । त्वम् । ऋ॒भु॒क्षाः । नर्यः॑ । त्वम् । षाट् । त्वम् । शुष्ण॑म् वृ॒जने॑ । पृ॒क्षे । आ॒णौ । यूने॑ । कुत्सा॑य । द्यु॒मते॑ । सचा॑ । अ॒ह॒न् ॥
त्वम् । सत्यः । इन्द्र । धृष्णुः । एतान् । त्वम् । ऋभुक्षाः । नर्यः । त्वम् । षाट् । त्वम् । शुष्णम् वृजने । पृक्षे । आणौ । यूने । कुत्साय । द्युमते । सचा । अहन् ॥
tvam | satyaḥ | indra | dhṛṣṇuḥ | etān | tvam | ṛbhukṣāḥ | naryaḥ | tvam | ṣāṭ | tvam | śuṣṇam | vṛjane | pṛkṣe | āṇau | yūne | kutsāya | dyumate | sacā | ahan
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.63.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“true; real; real; faithful; good.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“brave; ferocious; strong.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“Indra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“manly; heroic; powerful; male; human.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Śuṣṇa.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“community; settlement.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“food; refreshment; power.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“āṇi; pin.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“young person; yuvan [word]; taruṇabandha; yuvan; yuvan; young buck; young.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“bright; brilliant; brilliant; loud.”
[adverb]
“jointly.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”