Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 4.48.21

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ततः शङ्खं प्रदध्मौ स द्विषतां लोमहर्षणम् ।
विस्फार्य च धनुःश्रेष्ठं ध्वजे भूतान्यचोदयत् ॥ २१ ॥

tataḥ śaṅkhaṃ pradadhmau sa dviṣatāṃ lomaharṣaṇam |
visphārya ca dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṃ dhvaje bhūtānyacodayat || 21 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...roar of the superhuman creatures stationed on his flagstaff, the earth itself began to tremble. And shaking their upraised tails and lowing together, the kine turned back, proceeding along the southern...
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (4.48.21). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Tatah, Tad, Tata, Shankha, Prada, Dhma, Dvishat, Dvishata, Lomaharshana, Spharya, Dhanu, Dhanus, Shreshtha, Dhvaja, Bhuta, Bhutani,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 4.48.21). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “tataḥ śaṅkhaṃ pradadhmau sa dviṣatāṃ lomaharṣaṇam ”
tataḥ -
tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

tata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√tan -> tata (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
śaṅkham -
śaṅkha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

śaṅkha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

śaṅkhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
prada -
prada (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

prada (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
dhmau -
dhma (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

dhmā (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
dviṣatām -
dviṣat (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]

dviṣat (noun, neuter)

[genitive plural]

dviṣatā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

√dviṣ (verb class 2)

[imperative middle third plural]
lomaharṣaṇam -
lomaharṣaṇa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

lomaharṣaṇa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

lomaharṣaṇā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
Line 2: “visphārya ca dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṃ dhvaje bhūtānyacodayat ”
vi -
vi (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

vi (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

vi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

vi (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ve (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
sphārya -
sphārya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

sphārya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√sphar -> sphārya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √sphar class 6 verb]

√sphar -> sphārya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √sphar class 6 verb]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
dhanuḥ -
dhanus (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

dhanu (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

dhanu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
śreṣṭham -
śreṣṭha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

śreṣṭha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

śreṣṭhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
dhvaje -
dhvaja (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

dhvajā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√dhvaj (verb class 1)

[present middle first single]
bhūtānya -
bhūtāni (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

bhūtāni (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

bhūtāni (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

bhūta (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
acodayat -
√cud (verb class 0)

[imperfect active third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 4.48.21

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.48.21 in Kannada sript:
ತತಃ ಶಙ್ಖಂ ಪ್ರದಧ್ಮೌ ಸ ದ್ವಿಷತಾಂ ಲೋಮಹರ್ಷಣಮ್ ।
ವಿಸ್ಫಾರ್ಯ ಚ ಧನುಃಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠಂ ಧ್ವಜೇ ಭೂತಾನ್ಯಚೋದಯತ್ ॥ ೨೧ ॥

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

Buy now!

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 4.48.21 in Bengali sript:
ততঃ শঙ্খং প্রদধ্মৌ স দ্বিষতাং লোমহর্ষণম্ ।
বিস্ফার্য চ ধনুঃশ্রেষ্ঠং ধ্বজে ভূতান্যচোদযত্ ॥ ২১ ॥

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.48.21 in Gujarati sript:
તતઃ શઙ્ખં પ્રદધ્મૌ સ દ્વિષતાં લોમહર્ષણમ્ ।
વિસ્ફાર્ય ચ ધનુઃશ્રેષ્ઠં ધ્વજે ભૂતાન્યચોદયત્ ॥ ૨૧ ॥

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

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Preview of verse 4.48.21 in Malayalam sript:
തതഃ ശങ്ഖം പ്രദധ്മൌ സ ദ്വിഷതാം ലോമഹര്ഷണമ് ।
വിസ്ഫാര്യ ച ധനുഃശ്രേഷ്ഠം ധ്വജേ ഭൂതാന്യചോദയത് ॥ ൨൧ ॥

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 4.48.21 in Telugu sript:
తతః శఙ్ఖం ప్రదధ్మౌ స ద్విషతాం లోమహర్షణమ్ ।
విస్ఫార్య చ ధనుఃశ్రేష్ఠం ధ్వజే భూతాన్యచోదయత్ ॥ ౨౧ ॥

Last Updated: 17 September, 2021