Rakshana, Rakṣaṇa: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Rakshana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Rakṣaṇa can be transliterated into English as Raksana or Rakshana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Rakshan.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Source: Asian Agri-History: Paśu Āyurvēda (Veterinary Medicine) in GaruḍapurāṇaRakṣaṇa (रक्षण) or Aśvarakṣaṇa refers to “horse protection rites”, according to Āyurveda sections in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—For the Rakṣa (protection) Revanta-pūjā, (worship of God Revanta) homa (sacrificial offerings) and dvija-bhojana (feeding of Brahmins) should be performed in favor of the horse.
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha ChikitsaRakṣaṇa (रक्षण) refers to the “protection” (of humanity), according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—Kāśyapa posits that the collection or gathering of medicinal herbs must be done in a specified manner, accompanied by japa or prayer. If plucked without the relevant prayers or mantras, the medicines are liable to lose their potency which is paramount for effective treatment and complete remedy of any ailment. The Creator created people and also the medicines to safeguard and protect (rakṣaṇa) humanity. He also created the moon to protect the medicinal potency of the flora.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)1) Rakṣaṇa (रक्षण) refers to the “protection” (of standing crop), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting on horseback (āśvina) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (mṛgayā). [...] It leads to the acquisition of religious merit, by killing ferocious animals such as wolves and tigers, by the protection (rakṣaṇa) of standing crop, by the slaughter of stags and other animals, by an inspection of the forest, which serves so many useful purposes, by frightening the thieves, and by conciliating forest tribes. [...]”.
2) Rakṣaṇa (रक्षण) refers to “protecting (the people)” (as a king), according to the Śyainika-śāstra.—Accordingly, [while discussing the importance of hawks]: “[...] To please and protect (rakṣaṇa) the people and to test their loyalty or otherwise by keen observation, to take into, and inspire them with confidence or to distrust them, as the case may be, to know their mind by the movement of their eyes and their actions, [...] and such other qualities, which have been highly spoken of in politics [are considered also essential in the art of hawking]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationRakṣaṇa (रक्षण) refers to “one who protects (the three worlds)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.3 (“The virtues of the three cities—Tripura).—Accordingly, after Viṣṇu thought of ways to destroy the Asuras in the Three Cities.—“[...] Deciding thus, Viṣṇu started ridiculing the Vedas for putting up obstacles in the virtuous activities of the Asuras. At the bidding of Śiva, Viṣṇu who was commanded to protect the three worlds (trailokya-rakṣaṇa), and who renders help to the gods spoke to them”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryRakṣaṇa.—cf. doṣa-vināś-āvaṣṭabdhi-rakṣaṇāya (LP), ‘for keeping it safe from the three faults, viz. doṣa, vināśa and avaṣṭabdhi’. Note: rakṣaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryrakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—n (S) Preserving, keeping, protecting. 2 A person set to keep or guard.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishrakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—n Preserving. A person set to guard.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—[rakṣ-lyuṭ] Protecting, protection, preservation, watching, guarding &c. (Also rakṣṇam).
-ṇī A rein, bridle.
-ṇaḥ 1 A protector.
2) Name of Viṣṇu.
-ṇā Protecting.
Derivable forms: rakṣaṇam (रक्षणम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) Preserving, defending. f. (-ṇī) Rein, bridle. E. rakṣa to preserve, aff. lyuṭ .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—i. e. rakṣ + ana, n. Preserving, protecting, [Hitopadeśa] 114, 7; [Pañcatantra] iv. [distich] 29.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण).—[masculine] = [preceding] [masculine]; [feminine] ā & [neuter] rakṣaṇa protecting, guarding, saving, preserving.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Rakṣaṇa (रक्षण):—[from rakṣ] m. ‘protector’, Name of Viṣṇu, [Mahābhārata]
2) Rakṣaṇā (रक्षणा):—[from rakṣaṇa > rakṣ] f. guarding, protection, [Śakuntalā] ([varia lectio]), [Pañcarātra]
3) Rakṣaṇa (रक्षण):—[from rakṣ] n. the act of guarding, watching, protecting, tending (of cattle), preservation (‘of’ [genitive case] [locative case] or [compound]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] a ceremony performed for protection or preservation, [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण):—(ṇaṃ) 1. n. Protecting.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Rakṣaṇa (रक्षण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Rakkhaṇa, Rakkhaṇā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryRakṣaṇa (रक्षण) [Also spelled rakshan]:—(nm) protection, guarding; reservation, custody; maintaining/safe-keeping; ~[kartā] see [rakṣaka]; hence [rakṣaṇīya] (a).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusRakṣaṇa (ರಕ್ಷಣ):—
1) [noun] = ರಕ್ಷಣೆ - [rakshane -] 1.
2) [noun] (dance.) a kind of hand gesture in giving protection.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Rakshanadala, Rakshanakhate, Rakshanaraka, Rakshanartha, Rakshanartham, Rakshanata, Rakshanavyavasthe.
Ends with (+33): Abhirakshana, Advaitaratnarakshana, Agnirakshana, Anatha-samrakshana, Anurakshana, Aparirakshana, Arakshana, Ashvarakshana, Atmarakshana, Avanirakshana, Balarakshana, Bhrakshana, Bhusamrakshana, Drakshana, Garbharakshana, Gorakshana, Jagadrakshana, Karja-surakshana, Krityakrityarakshana, Lokasamrakshana.
Full-text (+41): Rakkhana, Agnirakshana, Gorakshana, Pashurakshana, Padarakshana, Pratirakshana, Shesharakshana, Parirakshana, Vedarakshana, Uparakshana, Surakshana, Samrakshana, Garbharakshana, Iratcanai, Jivarakshanam, Balarakshanavidhana, Avasyu, Samrakshanavat, Sarvarakshanakavaca, Balarakshana.
Relevant text
Search found 30 books and stories containing Rakshana, Rakṣaṇa, Raksana, Rakṣaṇā; (plurals include: Rakshanas, Rakṣaṇas, Raksanas, Rakṣaṇās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.14.14 < [Chapter 14 - The Meeting of King Nanda and Uddhava]
Verse 1.1.15 < [Chapter 1 - Description of Śrī-Kṛṣṇa’s Glories]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 1.89 < [Section LVI - Distribution of Functions among the several castes, part 2: of the Kṣatriya]
Verse 10.80 < [Section VIII (b) - Functions of the Castes]
Verse 1.90 < [Section LVII - Distribution of Functions among the several castes, part 3: of the Vaiśya]
Malatimadhava (study) (by Jintu Moni Dutta)
Part 1.3 - Caste System in the Mālatīmādhava < [Chapter 3 - Social Aspects of the Mālatīmādhava]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 6 - Fall of Uparicara Vasu < [Section 9 - Vāsudeva-māhātmya]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.37 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 29 - Madhusūdana Sarasvatī (a.d. 1500) < [Chapter XI - The Śaṅkara School of Vedānta (continued)]