Paraspara: 15 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Paraspara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Paraspar.

In Hinduism

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Paraspara (परस्पर) refers to “that which is transmitted from one to another” (e.g., the oral scripture that the god and goddess transmit), according to the second recension of the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, as the Goddess (i.e., Khageśī) said to the God (i.e., Bhairava), “[...] I will tell (you) how Yoginīs and Siddhas behave—(a teaching) that is never easy to acquire. (As if) replete with one hundred blades, the Vidyā and the Kula liturgy (krama) are (dangerous). There is no success (siddhi) in the Kula liturgy without the (ritual) drinking of liquor, the sacrificial substances, along with (various kinds of) meat and the (eating of the remains of) sacrificial food. Worship is offered (by means of these things) to the oral scripture (that the god and goddess transmit) to one another [i.e., paraspara-mukhāgama]. [...]”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Paraspara (परस्पर) refers to “(that which) consist in each other” [?], according to Utpaladeva’s Vivṛti on Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā 1.5.6.—Accordingly, “[...] Nor [can] the [external object] be established by any [such] speculation, because of the impossibility of this external [object]—this is what [the verse]. says with ‘syād etat’. And [since it is] so, since only phenomena [can] be objects, the manifesting consciousness is the object, and conversely the object is the manifesting consciousness; therefore they consist in each other (paraspara-ātmakatva). [...]”

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Dharmashastra (religious law)

Source: Oxford Academic: Homo Ritualis: Hindu Ritual and Its Significance to Ritual Theory

Paraspara (परस्पर) refers to “(posing the groom and bride opposite of) each other”, and represents one of the traditional marriage rituals, according to Dadhirāma Marāsini’s 19th century Vivāhapaddhati (part of his Karmakāṇḍabhāskara) which is based on the Pāraskara-Gṛhyasūtra, a domestic manual in the Mādhyandina school of the Vājasaneyisaṃhitā.—If performed traditionally, high caste marriages among the Parbatiyas (Parbates/Paharis/Pahadis) or Indo-Nepalese people in Nepal are normally executed by following the course of events as presented in marriage manuals. The Paraspara-sammukhī-karaṇa rite is mentioned under the header called Rules for the marriage (vivāhavidhi): worship of the groom (varapūjana).

context information

Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

paraspara (परस्पर).—a (S) Mutual or reciprocal; that stands towards another in the relation in which that other stands towards this: also that acts in return of or correspondence with. Ex. hē pa0 sakhē āhēta; parasparānnīṃ parasparāñcē tōṇḍānta māralēṃ; hyāñcēṃ paraspara vaira āhē. parasparaṃsamarpayāmī A phrase of mock Sanskrit used where a business has been managed or a matter done (bāhēracyā bāhēra) utterly apart from one's self.

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paraspara (परस्पर) [or परस्परां, parasparāṃ].—or rēṃ ad (paraspara) Mutually or reciprocally. 2 Sometimes used for parabhārāṃ in its first sense.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

paraspara (परस्पर).—a Mutual or reciprocal. parasparaṃ samarpa- yāmi, bāhēracyā bāhēra A phrase of mock Sanskrit used where a business has been managed utterly apart from one's self.

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paraspara (परस्पर) [or parasparā, or परस्परा].—

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर).—a.

1) Mutual; परस्परस्य मर्माणि ये न रक्षन्ति जन्तवः । त एव निधनं यान्ति वल्मीकोदरसर्पवत् (parasparasya marmāṇi ye na rakṣanti jantavaḥ | ta eva nidhanaṃ yānti valmīkodarasarpavat) || Pañcatantra (Bombay) 3.186; परस्परां विस्मय- वन्ति लक्ष्मीमालोकयांचक्रुरिवादरेण (parasparāṃ vismaya- vanti lakṣmīmālokayāṃcakrurivādareṇa) Bhaṭṭikāvya 2.5.

2) (pl.) Like one another; Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12. -pron., a. Each other, one another (used in the sing. only; often in comp.); परस्परस्योपरि पर्यचीयत (parasparasyopari paryacīyata) R.3.24;7.38; अविज्ञातपरस्परैः अपसर्पैः (avijñātaparasparaiḥ apasarpaiḥ) 17.51; परस्पराक्षिसादृक्ष्यम् (parasparākṣisādṛkṣyam) 1.4;3.24. Note:-The acc. and abl. singulars are often used adverbially in the sense of 'mutually', reciprocally', 'one another', 'by, from' or 'to one another'. 'against one another' &c.; see परस्परं भावयन्तः श्रेयः परमवाप्स्यथ (parasparaṃ bhāvayantaḥ śreyaḥ paramavāpsyatha) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.11;1.9; R.4. 79;6.46;7.14,53;12.94.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर).—mfn.

(-raḥ-rā-raṃ) Mutual, interchanging. E. para another repeated: from one to another.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर).—[para + s-para], I. adj. (sing. and without nom. sing.), 1. Each other, mutual, [Bhagavadgītā, (ed. Schlegel.)] 3, 11. 2. One with another, Mahābhārata 12, 2420 (nom. pl.). Ii. ram, adv. 1. Each other, mutually, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 9, 62. 2. To one after another, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 1, 8, 9.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर).—(only the obl. cases of [masculine] sgl., [neuter] & °— [adverb]) each other, one another, mutual(ly)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर):—[para-spara] (raḥ-rā-raṃ) a. Mutual.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Paraspara (परस्पर) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Avaroppara, Avarovara, Paroppara, Paropphara.

[Sanskrit to German]

Paraspara in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Paraspara (परस्पर) [Also spelled paraspar]:—(ind) mutual; reciprocal; ~[tā] mutuality; reciprocity; -[saṃbaṃdha] mutual relations.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Paraspara (ಪರಸ್ಪರ):—

1) [adjective] of or having the same relationship toward, each other or one another; mutual.

2) [adjective] done, felt, etc. by each of two or more for or toward the other or others; reciprocal.

3) [adjective] shared in common; joint.

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Paraspara (ಪರಸ್ಪರ):—

1) [noun] (pl.) interrelated persons; two or more persons who have common interest in something.

2) [noun] any of such persons.

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Paraspara (ಪರಸ್ಪರ):—[adverb] mutually; reciprocally.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 54 books and stories containing Paraspara, Para-spara; (plurals include: Parasparas, sparas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 2.17.34 < [Chapter 17 - The Meeting of Śrī Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa]

Verse 5.3.26 < [Chapter 3 - Akrūra’s Arrival]

Verse 2.3.30 < [Chapter 3 - Description of the Yamunā’s Arrival]

+ 31 more chapters / show preview

Text 10.201 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

Text 7.161 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

Text 10.186 [Anyonya] < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

+ 7 more chapters / show preview

Ātmanepada (in Sanskrit grammar) < [Chapter 3 - Vāsudevavijaya—A Grammatical Study]

show preview

Verse 3.11 < [Chapter 3 - Karma-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Action)]

Verse 10.9 < [Chapter 10 - Vibhūti-yoga (appreciating the opulences of the Supreme Lord)]