Paranmukha, Parāṅmukha, Parac-mukha, Paranc-mukha, Parannmukha: 14 definitions
Introduction:
Paranmukha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख) refers to “being averse (to spend unnecessarily)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.54 (“Description of the duties of the chaste wife”).—Accordingly, as a Brahmin lady said to Pārvatī: “[...] She shall partake of the leavings of her husband’s food or whatever is given by him saying ‘This is thy great grace’. She shall never take food without first offering due share to the gods, the Pitṛs, the guests, the servants, cows and saintly mendicants. A gentle lady of chaste rites shall always be clever to manage the household with limited requisites. She shall be averse to spend unnecessarily (vyaya-parāṅmukhī). [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)
Source: Wisdom Library: MantrashastraParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख) refers to one of the various mantradoṣa (“defects of mantras”), according to Tantric digests such as the Bṛhattantrasāra (part 4 page 814), Nāradapurāṇa (Nārada-mahā-purāṇa) (verses 64.14-58), Śaradātilaka (verses 2.71-108), Padārthādarśa and Śrīvidyārṇava-tantra.—Parāṅmukha is defined as “in front of the manta there is the seed mantra of kāma [?] and the seed mantra of the goad attribute for elephants, aṅkuśa [?]”. [unverified translation!] The Mantra defect elimination methods consist in performing purification rites (saṃskāra).—See Kulārṇava-tantra verse 15.71-2 and Śaradātilaka verse 2.114-22.
Mantrashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, mantraśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mantras—chants, incantations, spells, magical hymns, etc. Mantra Sastra literature includes many ancient books dealing with the methods reciting mantras, identifying and purifying its defects and the science behind uttering or chanting syllables.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishparāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख).—a Turning a way; having the face averted.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख).—a. (parāṅmukha) 1 having the face turned away or averted, turning the back upon; विग्रहाच्च शयने पराङ्मुखीर्नानुनेतुमबलाः स तत्वरे (vigrahācca śayane parāṅmukhīrnānunetumabalāḥ sa tatvare) R.19.38; Amaruśataka 9; Manusmṛti 2.195;1.119.
2) (a) averse from; मातुर्न केवलं स्वस्याः श्रियोऽप्यासीत् पराङ्मुखः (māturna kevalaṃ svasyāḥ śriyo'pyāsīt parāṅmukhaḥ) R.12.13. (b) not disposed towards, shunning, avoiding; प्रवृत्तिपराङ्मुखो भावः (pravṛttiparāṅmukho bhāvaḥ) V.4.2; Ś.5.28.
3) adverse, unfavourable; तनुरपि न ते दोषोऽस्माकं विधिस्तु पराङ्मुखः (tanurapi na te doṣo'smākaṃ vidhistu parāṅmukhaḥ) Amaruśataka 3.
4) not caring about, regardless of; मर्त्येष्वास्थापराङ्मुखः (martyeṣvāsthāparāṅmukhaḥ) R.1.43.
-khaḥ a magical formula pronounced over weapons.
Parāṅmukha is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms parāc and mukha (मुख).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख).—mfn.
(-khaḥ-khī-khaṃ) Turning away, having the face averted. E. parāñc, and mukha the face.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryParāṅṅmukha (पराङ्ङ्मुख).—I. adj., f. khī. 1. having the face averted, [Pañcatantra] 181, 15. 2. averse, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 405; disinclined, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 102 (
Parāṅṅmukha is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms parāṅc and mukha (मुख).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख).—[feminine] ī [adjective] having the face turned backwards, averted, turned away; flying from, avoiding, shunning, not caring for ([ablative], [locative], [genetive], prati [with] [accusative], or —°); contrary, unfavourable. —[neuter] [adverb], [abstract] tā [feminine], tva [neuter]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Parāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख):—[=parāṅ-mukha] [from parāṅ > parāñc] mf(ī)n. having the face turned away or averted, turning the back upon (also am ind.)
2) [v.s. ...] flying from
3) [v.s. ...] averse from, hostile to, regardless of, shunning, avoiding ([locative case]; [genitive case]; [accusative] with prati, or [compound]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] unfavourable, unkind (as fate etc.), [Mahābhārata; Kālidāsa]
5) [v.s. ...] m. a spell or magical formula pronounced over weapons, [Rāmāyaṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] n. ([chapter] of [Mahābhārata])
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryParāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख):—[parā+ṅmukha] (khaḥ-khā-khaṃ) a. Turning away; having the face averted.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Parāṅmukha (पराङ्मुख) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paraṃmuha, Parammuha, Parāhutta.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryParaṅmukha (परङ्मुख):—(a) turning the back upon, averse from, hostile to, regardless of, shunning.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusParāṅmukha (ಪರಾಙ್ಮುಖ):—
1) [adjective] turned aside or away.
2) [adjective] being aversed to; reluctant; disliking; repugnant.
3) [adjective] neglected; ignored; disregarded.
4) [adjective] opposing; being hostile to; set against.
--- OR ---
Parāṅmukha (ಪರಾಙ್ಮುಖ):—
1) [noun] a going back (avoiding facing a situation, a person, danger, etc.); a retreating.
2) [noun] a man who is averse to, reluctant or disagreeable to.
3) [noun] a hostile man.
4) [noun] (dance.) a position or pose of the palm, pointing outwards.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Parac, Mukha, Paranc, Paran.
Starts with: Paranmukhabhuta, Paranmukham, Paranmukhata, Paranmukhate, Paranmukhatva, Paranmukhay, Paranmukhaya.
Ends with: Aparanmukha, Bhavalabhalobhasatkaraparanmukha, Kendraparanmukha, Prasadaparanmukha, Pratipattiparanmukha, Pravrittiparanmukha, Shasanaparanmukha, Ubhayaparanmukha, Viparanmukha, Vishayaparanmukha, Vyayaparanmukha, Yuddhaparanmukha.
Full-text (+15): Paranmukhata, Pratipattiparanmukha, Paranmukhatva, Paranmukham, Aparanmukha, Paranmukhibhu, Paranmukhabhuta, Vishayaparanmukha, Vyayaparanmukha, Shasanaparanmukha, Paran Mukha, Pravrittiparanmukha, Prasadaparanmukha, Paranmukhikri, Paranmukhaya, Paramukam, Paracina, Aparanmukham, Paragvadana, Paragvadanashalin.
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Search found 8 books and stories containing Paranmukha, Parac-mukha, Parāc-mukha, Paran-mukha, Parāṅ-mukha, Paranc-mukha, Parāñc-mukha, Parāṅc-mukha, Parāṅmukha, Paraṅmukha, Parannmukha, Parāṅṅmukha; (plurals include: Paranmukhas, mukhas, Parāṅmukhas, Paraṅmukhas, Parannmukhas, Parāṅṅmukhas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 10.119 < [Section XIV - Sources of Income (vittāgama)]
Verse 2.195 < [Section XXX - Rules to be observed by the Religious Student]
Vivekachudamani (by Shankara)
Mudrarakshasa (literary study) (by Antara Chakravarty)
2.19. Use of Gīti metre < [Chapter 4 - Employment of Chandas in Mudrārākṣasa]
3.5. Use of Rūpaka-alaṃkāra < [Chapter 3 - Use of Alaṃkāras in Mudrārākṣasa]
Nitiprakasika (Critical Analysis) (by S. Anusha)
Saṃhāra Weapons (2): Upasaṃhāra-Astras < [Chapter 3]
Sarga II: Dhanurveda-viveka-kathana (64 Verses) < [Chapter 2]
Ramayana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter XXVIII < [Book 1 - Bāla-kāṇḍa]
Women in the Atharva-veda Samhita (by Pranab Jyoti Kalita)
6b. Hymn to Win the Love of a Husband < [Chapter 2 - The Strīkarmāṇi Hymns of the Atharvaveda]