Jam, Jaṃ, Jāṃ: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Jam means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Jam (जम्).—It means gītam (music). (Agni Purāṇa, Chapter 348).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism
Jaṃ (जं) is the name of a Bīja-syllable associated with the Goddess Jayā; who is worshipping with others on the 12 spokes of the Anāhata-Cakra, according to the Tattvacintāmaṇi by Pūrṇānanda.—Context: The scorpion-goddess Vṛścikā also figures in the Śrīkula practice of the meditation on the six cakras along the path of the suṣuṃṇa. In the anāhatacakra, she is worshiped in the circle of the goddess Rākinī presiding over blood along with her Rudra. Here, she is worshiped along with several other goddesses, including Cāmuṇḍā, on the 12 spokes of the cakra. The Vaṅgīya mantravādin Pūrṇānanda explains it thus in his Tattvacintāmaṇi: “The equivalence between the goddesses and the bījas formed from the arṇas is thus: kaṃ: Kālarātriḥ; khaṃ: Khātitā; gaṃ: Gāyatrī; ghaṃ: Ghaṇṭikā; ṅaṃ: Vṛścikā; caṃ: Cāmuṇḍā; chaṃ: Chāyā; jaṃ: Jayā; jhaṃ: Jhaṅkāriṇī; ñaṃ: Jñānā; ṭaṃ: Ṭaṅkahastā; ṭhaṃ: Ṭhaṅkārī”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Jāṃ (जां) is the bīja associated with Jālandhara, according to the Cakrasaṃvara-maṇḍala or Saṃvaramaṇḍala of Abhayākaragupta’s Niṣpannayogāvalī, p. 45 and n. 145; (Cf. Cakrasaṃvaratantra, Gray, David B., 2007).—The Cakrasaṃvara mandala has a total of sixty-two deities. [...] Three concentric circles going outward, the body, speech and mind wheels (kāya-vāka-citta), in the order: mind (blue), speech (red), and body (white), with eight Ḍākinīs each in non-dual union with their Ḍākas, "male consorts".
Associated elements of Caṇḍākṣī and Mahākaṅkāla:
Circle: kāyacakra (mind-wheel) (blue);
Ḍākinī (female consort): Caṇḍākṣī;
Ḍāka (male consort): Mahākaṅkāla;
Bīja: jāṃ;
Body-part: forehead;
Pīṭha: Jālandhara (Jālaṃdhara);
Bodily constituent: keśa-romanī (head/body hair);
Bodhipakṣa (wings of enlightenment): vīrya-ṛddhipāda (power of effort).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Jam [Jaam] refers to “Surnames of the King of Navanagar of Kathiyawaad (Saurashtra)”.—It is defined in the glossary attached to the study dealing with Gujarat Folk tales composed by Gujarati poet Jhaverchand Meghani (1896-1947)
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Jam [ꯖꯥꯝ] in the Manipuri language is the name of a plant identified with Syzygium cumini Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels from the Myrtaceae (Bottlebrush) family. For the possible medicinal usage of jam, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
1) Jam in Bhutan is the name of a plant defined with Echinochloa colona in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Panicum crusgalli L. (among others).
2) Jam is also identified with Echinochloa crus-galli It has the synonym Panicum crusgalli var. echinatum (Willd.) Döll (etc.).
3) Jam in India is also identified with Schima wallichii It has the synonym Gordonia chilaunia Buch.Ham. ex D. Don (etc.).
4) Jam is also identified with Syzygium cumini It has the synonym Caryophyllus corticosus Stokes (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· The Flora of British India (1896)
· Exploration du Parc National de la Garamba (1956)
· Tentamen Florae Abyssinicae … (1850)
· Rhodora (1954)
· Anales de la Universidad de Chile (1896)
· Novorum Actorum Academiae Caesareae Leopoldinae-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum (1843)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Jam, for example side effects, health benefits, chemical composition, diet and recipes, extract dosage, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Jam (जम्).—[(u) jamu] r. 1st cl. (jamati) To eat; also cama . bhvā-para-saka-seṭ .
Jam (जम्).—i. 1, [Parasmaipada.] To eat. Frequent. To chew, anomal. jājam, Mahābhārata 13, 4495.
1) Jam (जम्):—1. jam jmā, jmas. See 2. kṣam.
2) 2. jam (derived [from] jamad-agni) [class] 1. jamati, to go, [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska ii, 14; Nirukta, by Yāska iii, 6];
2) —to eat, [Dhātupāṭha xiii, 28] :—[Intensive] p. jājamat consuming continually, [Mahābhārata xiii, 4495.]
1) Jam (जम्):—(u) jamati 1. a. To eat.
2) Aptote. (In compo.) A wife.
Jam (जम्):—1. , jamati = gam [das 2, 14.] [Yāska’s Nirukta 3, 6.] essen, verzehren [DHĀTUP. 13, 28.] jamat (aus jamadagni entnommen) lodernd [das 1, 17.] jājamat [Mahābhārata 13, 4495] gleichfalls zur Erkl. von jamadagni . — pra in prajamitāgnayo vā prajvalitāgnayo vā zur Erkl. von jamadagnayaḥ [Yāska’s Nirukta 7, 24.]
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Jam (जम्):—2. (vgl. 2. gam, [2.] kṣam), instr. jmā, abl. gen. jmas . Erde; jmā auf Erden [das 1, 1.] ye ke ca.jmā ma.ino.ahimāyā di.o jajñi.e a.āṃ sa.hasthe [Ṛgveda 6, 52, 15.] adha.jmo adha vā di.aḥ [Ṛgveda 8, 1, 18.] abodhya.nirjma udeti.sūryaḥ [1, 157, 1.] yasta.tambha.sahasā.vi jmo antān [4, 50, 1. 6, 62, 1. 10, 89, 1. 11.]
Jam (जम्):—, jamati = gatikarman und adane , jamant = jvalant. Intens. jājamat beständig verzehrend. Nur in Etymologien von jamadagni.
Jam (जम्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Jamma.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Jaṃ (जं):—([jaṃ])[galā] (nm) grating; railing; fence/fencing; balustrade; a grille or bar-fitted window.
2) Jāṃ (जां):——an allomorph of [jāna] used as the first member in compound words; ~[nisāra] one who can sacrifice one’s life, devoted; ~[bāja] venturesome, one who can risk one’s life; ~[bājī] the quality that distinguishes a [jāṃbāja], venturesomeness
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Prakrit-English dictionary
Jaṃ (जं) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Yat.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Nepali dictionary
Jam is another spelling for जाम [jāma].—n. jam;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Pali-English dictionary
jaṃ (ဇံ) [(bya) (ဗျ)]—
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[Pali to Burmese]
jaṃ—
(Burmese text): [¿]
ဇနီး၊ မယား။
(Auto-Translation): [¿]
Wife, spouse.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+11): Jam bras, jam dkar ba, Jam-nok, Jam-pandu, Jama, Jama-phala, Jama-vaculpakki, Jamaamard, Jamadade, Jamadamda, Jamadamde, Jamadar, Jamai, Jamaja, Jamajama, Jamakamil, Jamakarccu, Jamakarj, Jamakattu, Jamakuttu.
Full-text (+587): Jampati, Jams, Murabba, Anaryaja, Jham, Jama, Agaja, Angaja, Anuja, 'jam dpal bshes gnyen, Anupaja, Nirvyaja, Arnavaja, Mamsaja, Agnivija, Abhuja, Pakaja, Savyaja, Jamana, Adhipraja.
Relevant text
Search found 144 books and stories containing Jam, Jaṃ, Jāṃ; (plurals include: Jams, Jaṃs, Jāṃs). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Game Jams as Valuable Tools for the Development of 21st-Century Skills < [Volume 14, Issue 4 (2022)]
The Drying Peace–Athabasca Delta, Canada < [Volume 15, Issue 3 (2023)]
Two-Level Full Factorial Design Approach for the Analysis of Multi-Lane... < [Volume 15, Issue 12 (2023)]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Preparation and evaluation of medicated polyherbal blended jellies and jams for diabetes mellitus < [2019, Issue 8, August]
Food preservative - the slow acting poison < [2019, Issue 4, April]
Role of amalaki rasayan as an antioxidant in oxidative stress < [2021, Issue 10, October]
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Sūtra 3.1.21 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 1]
Adhikarana 8: Shudras Not Qualified For Vedic Meditation < [Adhyaya 1, Pada 3]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 14.8 < [Chapter 14 - Guṇa-traya-vibhāga-yoga]
Verse 2.51 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Verse 18.48 < [Chapter 18 - Mokṣa-yoga (the Yoga of Liberation)]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.16.15 < [Chapter 16 - The Worship of Tulasī]
Verse 6.7.21 < [Chapter 7 - The Marriage of Śrī Rukmiṇī]
Verse 6.7.5 < [Chapter 7 - The Marriage of Śrī Rukmiṇī]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.4.183 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]
Verse 2.2.54 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 2.4.158 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]