Aviruddha: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Aviruddha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)Aviruddha (अविरुद्ध) refers to “that which is not contradicted”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī 2.138.—Accordingly, “[...] [The latter argument] completely eradicates the very nature of the object of knowledge—that is to say, the external [object]—by showing that [this contradictory nature can]not exist. For the first refuting argument functions while completely disregarding the nature of the object of knowledge—[i.e.] whether it has parts or is devoid of parts, whether it is contradicted (viruddha) or not (aviruddha) [by this or that particular property]—rather, [it functions] through a global refutation ([lit. ‘by devouring everything’]), thus: ‘[What is] distinct from the manifesting consciousness is not manifest’”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationAviruddha (अविरुद्ध) refers to “(that which is) not against (virtue)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.33 (“The appeasement of Himavat”).—Accordingly, as Vasiṣṭha said to Himavat (Himācala): “O lord of mountains, listen to my words in every respect conducive to your welfare; they are not against virtue (dharma-aviruddha). They are true and shall bring about your joy here and hereafter. Statements, in ordinary language and in the Vedas, are of three forms. A scholar knowing all lores understands them by means of his pure vision of knowledge. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāAviruddha (अविरुद्ध) refers to “(one who is) unobstructed”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] If he is in the state of concentration, but ends up inan unpleasant situation, he is not irritated. Even thought he always manifests peacefulness to noble beings, he makes flaming efforts in order to bring ordinary people to maturity. Being in the state of sameness in concentration, he still teaches those with irregular behaviour by means of various kinds of teachings. He does not see the irregular in terms of sameness, and he does not obstruct the irregular with sameness. Since he is unobstructed (aviruddha), he is called the meditator whose thought is just like open space, without any obstruction, he is called a meditator with great insight, and he is called the meditator who is not dependent on consciousness. When meditation is understood in this way, then the meditation of the Bodhisattva is like the expanse of open space, which is not dependent on anything”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (tantric Buddhism)Aviruddha (अविरुद्ध) refers to “without obstacle”, according to Kuladatta’s Kriyāsaṃgrahapañjikā, a text within Tantric Buddhism representing a construction manual for monasteries.—Accordingly, [kalaśādhivāsanā, chapter 3]—“If an Ācārya does not have a strong conviction in the Vajradhātu, there is no obstacle (aviruddha) to his doing all the rites from purification of the site to consecration [of images etc.] with a strong conviction in his own chosen deity”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: SOAS Research Online: Prekṣā meditation: History and MethodsAviruddha (अविरुद्ध) or “free” refers to one of the 46 qualities of the soul to be meditated on in the “Practice of Meditation on Liberated Souls (Siddhas)”, according to Jain texts like Ācārāṅga (5.6.123-140), Ṣaṭkhaṇḍāgama (13.5.4.31) and Samayasāra (1.49).—The pure soul can be recognised by meditation on its true nature, represented by the liberated souls of the Siddhas. The practice which leads to this realisation is meditation on the fact that attachment, aversion, passions and the influx of karmas, are ‘not mine’, that I am separate from them and consist of infinite knowledge, perception, conduct, spiritual energy, that I am the pure, enlightened, and everlasting soul. The qualities of the soul to be meditated on as truly mine are: [e.g., My soul is free (aviruddha)] [...] The meditation on such extended fourty-five qualities of the pure soul presents the niśacaya-naya, which is aligned with Kundakunda’s approach.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryaviruddha : (adj.) not contrary; friendly.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryAviruddha, (adj.) (a + viruddha) not contrary, unobstructed, free, without difficulties Dh. 406; Sn. 365, 704, 854. (Page 85)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAviruddha (अविरुद्ध).—a.
1) Not opposed, compatible, consistent with.
2) Living together.
3) Unobstructed, unhindered, unimpeded.
4) Allowed; proper; यद्यविरुद्धं श्रोष्यामि (yadyaviruddhaṃ śroṣyāmi) V.2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryAviruddha (अविरुद्ध).—mfn.
(-ddhaḥ-ddhā-ddhaṃ) 1. Unimpeded, unobstructed. 2. Allowed, permitted, proper. 3. Compatible, consistent with. E. a neg. viruddha hindered.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryAviruddha (अविरुद्ध).—[adjective] unimpeded; not opposite or contrary to ([instrumental] or —°); right, proper.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Aviruddha (अविरुद्ध):—[=a-viruddha] mfn. unobstructed, unimpeded, [Vikramorvaśī]
2) [v.s. ...] not incompatible with, consistent with ([instrumental case] or in [compound]), [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Gautama-dharma-śāstra etc.]
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusAviruddha (ಅವಿರುದ್ಧ):—[adjective] not set against; not contrary in position or principle; opposite; not offering resistance; not characterised by hostility.
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Aviruddha (ಅವಿರುದ್ಧ):—[noun] absence of opposition, resistance or hostility.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Aviruddhata.
Ends with (+11): Acaraviruddha, Agamaviruddha, Anyonyaviruddha, Avasthaviruddha, Deshaviruddha, Dharmaviruddha, Doshaviruddha, Kalaviruddha, Koshtaviruddha, Lokaviruddha, Matraviruddha, Nyayaviruddha, Parahparaviruddha, Prakramaviruddha, Prasiddhividyaviruddha, Samdarbhaviruddha, Samyogaviruddha, Sandarbhaviruddha, Satmyaviruddha, Shastraviruddha.
Full-text: Viruddha, Aviroddhri, Avirodhita, Avirodhin, Avirodha, Apaṇṇaka, Dhyayin, Apannaka Sutta.
Relevant text
Search found 13 books and stories containing Aviruddha, A-viruddha; (plurals include: Aviruddhas, viruddhas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)
Verse 406 - The Story of The Four Novices < [Chapter 26 - Brāhmaṇa Vagga (The Brāhmaṇa)]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 7.11 < [Chapter 7 - Vijñāna-Yoga (Yoga through Realization of Transcendental Knowledge)]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.5.5 < [Part 5 - Permanent Ecstatic Mood (sthāyī-bhāva)]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 2.172 < [Book 2 - Vākya-kāṇḍa]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.170 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
The Mahavastu (great story) (by J. J. Jones)
Chapter XXXVII - The questions of Nālaka < [Volume III]