Village Folk-tales of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), vol. 1-3
by Henry Parker | 1910 | 406,533 words
This folk-tale entitled “kurulu-gama appu, the sooth-sayer” is gathered from oral sources sources, tracing its origin to ancient Ceylon (Sri Lanka). These tales are often found to contain similarities from stories from Buddhism and Hinduism. This is the story nr. 23 from the collection “stories told by the cultivating caste and vaeddas”.
Story 23 - Kurulu-gama Appu, The Sooth-sayer
IN a certain city a man was stricken by a scarcity of food to eat, and he went to another country.
Having gone there, during the time while he was residing in a village, the village men asked,
“What sooth can you tell ?” [1]
He said,
“I can tell one sooth; to do that sooth I want Jak-tree gum, Coconut oil, and Euphorbia milk”
(the milky sap which exudes from cuts or bruises in the bark). Thereupon the men having collected those things that he mentioned, gave them to him.
Then he went and warmed these things [making birdlime] and placed [limed] twigs, and catching birds and coming with them, he gave them daily, two by two at each house, and thus ate. The man’s name was Appu; his village was Kurulu-gama (Birds’ village).
While he was continuing to eat in this manner, the men of that village started to go to Puttalam, carrying produce for sale.
That man also said,
“I also must go.”
Then the men of the village asked,
“You have nothing ; what will you take ?”
Thereupon this one tying up a pingo load of chaff and coconut husks, goes with the men.
Then the men who were going on that journey, having come down to the high road, set off to go. While they were going, the men having said [in fun] “Vedarala” (Doctor) to that man, he kept the name.
Having gone very far, the Vedarala, telling the men who went with him to wait on the road, placed his pingo (carrying-stick) on the road, and went into an open place in the jungle. While going along in it, when he looked about, a yoke of cattle were entangled in the bushes. Then this Vedarala having gone near the yoke of cattle, looked at the letter marks branded on them, and having come back and taken up the pingo load, while they were going on it became night.
This party having halted on the road near a village, sent the Vedarala to get a resting-place for the night.
Having gone to a house in the village, when he asked for it the house men said,
“What giving of resting-places is there for us ! We are lamenting in sorrow for the difficulty we are in. Our yoke of cattle are missing.”
The Vedarala said,
“Now then, what have we to do with your losing a yoke of cattle ? Give us a resting-place.”
“If you want one, look there ! There is the shed, come and stay there,”
they said.
Then the Vedarala having come back, says to the people of the party,
“There is a shed indeed. Stay if you like ; go on, if you want to go,”
he said. So this party having come to the shed sat down.
The people of the party said to the Vedarala,
“Vedarala, why are you staying looking about ? Night is coming on. We must seek a little firewood and water,”
they spoke together.
The house persons having heard these words, said,
“What is this, that you are saying ‘Vedarala’ ? Does he know sooth and the like ?”
they asked. [2]
The persons of the party said without a reason for it (nika-mata),
“To a certain extent he can tell matters of sooth.”
“If so, don’t be delayed on account of anything you want. We will bring and give you rice, firewood, and water.”
So they brought and gave them five quarts of rice, a dried fish, a head of ash-plantains.
This party, cooking amply, and having eaten, said at night to the person who owned the house,
“ Now then, bring a packet of betel leaves for him to tell you sooth."
So the house person having brought the betel, gave it to the Vedarala.
Thereupon the assumed (lit. “face”) Vedarala, having taken the betel, after having looked at it falsely becoming “possessed,” said,
“It is a yoke of oxen of yours that have been lost, isn’t it ?”
Then the house person said,
“You have said the sooth very correctly. I asked it of the deities of many dewalas (demon-temples), and of sooth-sayers. There wasn’t a person who told me even a sign of it.”
Thereafter the Vedarala asked,
“What will you give me for seeking and giving you the yoke of cattle ?”
That person said,
“Even if you can’t give the full yoke of cattle, I will give a half share of the value”;
thus he promised.
The Vedarala having said,
“It is good,”
and told him to get and bring a torch, cunningly having gone near the yoke of cattle that remained entangled in the bush at that place where he went on coming, asked if these were his oxen. Then the man said,
“These are indeed my cattle,”
and having unfastened them and come back, in the morning gave him a half share [3] of the value of the cattle. Taking it, and throwing away the chaff and coconut husks, he went away.
That day also, having gone on until the time when it was becoming night, he got a resting-place in the very way in which, having spoken before, he got one.
At the time when they were in the shed the persons of the party said,
“Vedarala, what are you staying looking about for ? We must seek and get firewood and water.”
Then the house people say,
“What are you saying ‘ Vedarala ’ for ? Does he know to say sooth and the like ?”
After that, this party say,
“He can also tell sooth. Last night he sought and gave a yoke of cattle.”
Then the house persons quickly having brought rice, fish, firewood, water, gave them to the men.
This party having amply cooked and eaten, while they were sleeping, the house person, having brought a packet of betel leaves, spoke to the Vedarala :
“How am I to ask sooth ?”
The Vedarala rebuked him.
“All these persons being now without memory or understanding, what saying of sooth is there ?” [4]
Then that one having gone, he went to sleep.
A woman of the house was there ; her name was Sihibuddi. The woman having heard the words which the Vedarala said, came and having softly awakened the Vedarala, said,
“The Sihibuddi you mention is I indeed. It was I indeed who stole this house person’s packet of waragan.[5] I will give you a share ; don’t mention it.”
Thereupon the Vedarala says,
“Where is it ? Bring it quickly, and having brought it place it near that clump of plantains.”
Then this woman having brought the packet of waragan, and placed it at the foot of the plantain clump and gone away, he went to sleep.
Afterwards the Vedarala called the house person.
“Now then, bring betel for me to say sooth.”
The man having brought betel gave it to the Vedarala.
Then the Vedarala, having taken the betel and looked at it, said,
“It is a packet of waragan that has been lost, isn’t it.”
That man said,
“It is that indeed. Should you seek and give what has been lost of mine, I will give you a half share.”
Then the Vedarala having told him to get a light, becoming “possessed,” went and took and gave him the packet of waragan that was at the foot of the plantain clump.
Having taken from it a half share, at the time when the party were going on, thieves having broken into the box at the foot of the King’s bed,[6] he made public by beat of tom-toms that many offices would be given by the King to a person who should seek and give it to him.
At that time this party said,
“In our party indeed, there is a sooth-sayer. On the night of the day before yesterday he sought out and gave a yoke of cattle. Yesternight he sought out and gave a packet of waragan.”
Thereupon the persons took this Vedarala near the King. Then the King asks,
“Can he catch and give the thief who broke into the box at the foot of my bed ?”
The party said that he could.
Then the sooth-sayer, having become afraid, thought,
“I will tie a cord to my neck and die.”
So he said,
“After tying white cloths in a house (as a decoration, on the walls and under the roof), and a piece of cord to the crossbeam, and placing a bed, chairs, and table in it, and setting on end a rice mortar, you must give me it in the evening.”
The King having prepared them in that very way, gave him them.
Afterwards, the Vedarala, after it became night, having gone inside the house, told them to shut the door from the outside, and lock it. Then having mounted on the rice mortar, when he tried to put the cord round his neck it was too short. On account of it he said,
“Both the cord is too short and the height is insufficient. What shall I do ?” [7]
As the Vedarala was saying this word Kumandaeyi, a citizen, Kumanda, an old thief, was there [listening outside]. Having heard this, he thought,
“He is calling out my name”;
so becoming afraid he came near and spoke to the Vedarala, and said,
“It is I indeed whom you call Kumanda. It is I indeed who committed the theft. Don’t say anything about it to the King.”
“If so, bring the things and put them in this house.”
Thereupon the old thief, having brought to the house all the things taken out of the box which was at the foot of the King’s bed, gave them to the sooth-sayer through the window.
Then the Vedarala slept until light having come it became daylight.
Afterwards, the King having sent messengers in the morning, they awoke the Vedarala. Then the Vedarala, thinking it unseasonable, said,
“Who is talking to me without allowing me to sleep ?”
and silently went to sleep again. So the messengers returned-and told the King.
Afterwards the King came and spoke to him, and opened the door. The Vedarala having come out, said,
“O Lord, Your Majesty, I was unable to seize the thieves ; the things indeed I met with.”
Then the King said,
“The thief does not matter; after you have met'‘with the things it is enough.”
Then the King, catching a great many fire-flies and putting them in a coconut shell, asked the Vedarala,
“What is there in this ?”
The sooth-sayer, becoming afraid, went as far as he could see him, and thinking,
“I will strike my head against a tree and die,”
came running and struck his head against a tree.[8] Then the sooth-sayer said,
“O Father! It was as though a hundred fire-flies flew about.”
The King said,
“That is true. They are indeed fire-flies that are in my hand.”
After that, the King caught a bird, and clenching it in his fist, asked the sooth-sayer,
“What is there in this fist ?”
The sooth-sayer, having become afraid, began to beat his head on a stone. Then he said,
“Kurulu-gama Appu’s strength went (this time).” [9]
“Bola, it is indeed a bird that is in my hand”;
and having called the Vedarala, and given him many offices, and a house, told him to stay at that very city.
Afterwards the Vedarala, thinking,
“They will call me again to tell sooth,”
having put away the things that were in the house, and having set fire to the house, said,
“Kurulu-gama Appu’s sooth-saying is finished from to-day. The sooth books have been burnt.”
Having made it public he stayed at that very city.
North-western Province.
Note:
The second discovery of the sooth-sayer is extracted from a variant by a washerman, the rest of the story having been written by a man of the cultivating caste.
In the Katha Sarit Sagara (Tawney), vol. i, p. 272, there is an account of a pretended sooth-sayer, a poverty-stricken Brahmana. He first hid a horse, and when application was made to him to discover it, he drew diagrams and described the place where it would be found. After that, when a thief stole gold and jewels from the King's palace he was sent for and shut up in a room, where he began to blame his tongue, jivka, which had made a vain pretence at knowledge. The principal thief, a maid called Jivha, overheard him, and told him where she had buried her share of the plunder.
Afterwords the King tested him by placing a frog in a covered pitcher. He expected that he would be killed, and said,
“This is a fine pitcher for you, Frog (his father’s pet name for himself), since suddenly it has become the swift destroyer of yourself in this place.”
He was thought a great sage, and the King presented him with “villages with gold, umbrella, and vehicles of all kinds.”
There is another story of a pretended sooth-sayer in vol. ii, p. 140, of the same work, but it does not, like the last, resemble the Sinhalese tale.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
Equivalent to saying, “What things do you know ?” Saes-tara, the noun used, means sooth, knowledge of things, and science.
[2]:
The title “Vedarala” is applied both to native medical practitioners and to demon expellers, who are also sooth-sayers.
[3]:
Twenty rupees, in a variant.
[4]:
Sihi buddi naeiuwata monasaestarakiyamanada? This might also be interpreted,
“On account of the absence of Sihibuddi what saying of sooth is there ?”
The long final i of female names is usually shortened in conversation.
[5]:
A South Indian gold coin, with the figure of a boar, Varaha, on the obverse, said by Winslow to be worth three and a half rupees.
[6]:
“A box in which the most valuable ornaments of the most frequent use are kept, and which for the sake of safety is always placed at the foot of the bed” (The Orientalist, vol. i, p. 59, footnote).
[7]:
Kumandaeyi mama karanne, which if not very clearly heard might be translated, “It is Kumanda; I am doing it,” or “I will do it.”
[8]:
He might do any unusual acts of this sort without exciting much astonishment, while apparently under the influence of “possession.”
[9]:
Kurulu gama Appuge rissa giya. This might be translated, “On the birds’ moving, Appu’s strength went.”
Other South Asia Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Kurulu-gama Appu, The Sooth-sayer’. Further sources in the context of South Asia might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.
White garment, Katha Sarit Sagara, Half share, Thieves, Coconut oil, Shortage of food, Betel Leaves, Scarcity of food, Rice mortar, Fireflies, Public announcement.