Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes the five subdivisions of study (svadhyaya) which is verse 9.25 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 25 of the chapter Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 9.25 - The five subdivisions of study (svādhyāya)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 9.25:
वाचनापृच्छनानुप्रेक्षाम्नायधर्मोपदेशाः ॥ ९.२५ ॥
vācanāpṛcchanānuprekṣāmnāyadharmopadeśāḥ || 9.25 ||
The five subdivisions of study–svādhyāya–are: teaching–vācanā, questioning–pṛcchanā, reflection–anuprekṣā, recitation–āmnāya, and preaching–dharmopadeśa. (25)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [वाचनापृच्छनानुप्रेक्षाम्नायधर्मोपदेशाः] वाचना, पृच्छना, अनुप्रेक्षा, आम्नाय और धर्मोपदेश-ये स्वाध्याय के पाँच भेद हैं।
Anvayartha: [vacanapricchananuprekshamnayadharmopadeshah] vacana, pricchana, anupreksha, amnaya aura dharmopadesha-ye svadhyaya ke pamca bheda haim |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
The subdivisions of study–svādhyāya–are described in the next sūtra.
Teaching–vācanā–consists in teaching of the Scripture–words or meanings or both–with precision. Putting questions to others with the object of clearing doubts or strengthening one’s knowledge is questioning–pṛcchanā. Contemplation on the knowledge acquired is reflection–anuprekṣā. Recitation–āmnāya–is repeating the text again and again with correct pronunciation. Preaching–dharmopa-deśa–is narrating moral stories, etc., for the benefit of the suitable recipients. What is the purpose of these five types of study–svādhyāya? The objects are extraordinary knowledge, purity in disposition, wholesome fear of worldly existence, progress of austerities, and freedom from transgression.