Vasudevavijaya of Vasudeva (Study)
by Sajitha. A | 2018 | 50,171 words
This page relates ‘Karaka (a): Kartrikaraka’ of the study on the Vasudevavijaya of Vasudeva from the 11th century A.D. The Vasudevavijayam is an educational poem belonging to the Shastra-Kavya category of technical Sanskrit literature. The Vasudevavijayam depicts in 657 verses the story of Lord Krishna while also elucidates the grammatical rules of the Ashtadhyayi of Panini (teaching the science of grammar). The subject-content of the poem was taken from the tenth Skandha of the Bhagavatapurana.
Kāraka (a): Kartṛkāraka
Pāṇini defines the Kartṛkāraka or the Agent as svatantraḥ kartā (1.4.54). The Kāraka which functions independently with respect to other participants in a given action is called Kartṛ Agent.[1]
Vāsudeva illustrates this rule in the following verse:—
sukarmaṇaḥ kṣmāvibudhāṃhavirdughāstathārjunīrgāḥ sma nihanti satkaṣam |
anānnasutrāmakakāṅkṣitāpadaṃ na lālapā sā tamacīkarat kṛpām || (Vāsudevavijaya 3.46)
The verse describes the situation of Devakī when Kaṃsa taking her eighth girl-child. In this verse the word sā is the Agent by the rule svatantraḥ kartā, as it is the independent, principal and absolute source of action. Here the Agent has put in Nominative case because the agentness is expressed by the affix tiṅ |
Though this is the section intended for Kartṛkāraka, occasionally the first case i.e. Prathamā has also to be included here. Vāsudeva excludes the employment of the rules regarding the first case. This may be because of the fact that one can easily be learnt about the usage of this case. The author composes his work not only for studying grammar but for the practice of grammatical usages also.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
Pāṇni A survey of research, George Cardona, p.215