Nirvikalpaka Pratyaksha (study)
by Sujit Roy | 2013 | 40,056 words
This essay studies Nirvikalpaka Pratyaksha or “Indeterminate perception” primarily based on Nyaya Philosophy and Bauddha philosophy. Pratyaksa is that cognition which is produced by the contact of a sense organ with an object. It is a direct cognition of reality which is not derived through the medium or instrumentality of any other cognition....
Chapter 5b - Nirvikalpaka Pratyakṣa in Jain philosophy
The Jainas also do not distinguish pratyakṣa as savikalpaka and nirvikalpaka. But they recognize four stages of pratyakṣa, namely avagraha, īhā, avāya, and dhāraṇā. Of these four stages avagraha is the first stage. But they do not claim it as nirvikalpaka. Most of the later Jaina thinkers hold that those four stages of pratyakṣa are all determinate.[1]
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
The Jaina theory of perception, by Pushpa Bothra, p. 74.