Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.135.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यं कु॑मार॒ प्राव॑र्तयो॒ रथं॒ विप्रे॑भ्य॒स्परि॑ । तं सामानु॒ प्राव॑र्तत॒ समि॒तो ना॒व्याहि॑तम् ॥
यं कुमार प्रावर्तयो रथं विप्रेभ्यस्परि । तं सामानु प्रावर्तत समितो नाव्याहितम् ॥
yaṃ kumāra prāvartayo rathaṃ viprebhyas pari | taṃ sāmānu prāvartata sam ito nāvy āhitam ||

English translation:

“The chariot which you, my child, have driven down to me from the sages above, the Sāman hasdriven it back again from hence plural ced on a ship. made?”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Who has begotten the youth: after communicating the message sent by you father]. outstretched, afterwards a means of returning (from Yama) was provided.

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kumāro yāmāyanaḥ [kumāra yāmāyana];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): yamaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यम् । कु॒मा॒र॒ । प्र । अव॑र्तयः । रथ॑म् । विप्रे॑भ्यः । परि॑ । तम् । साम॑ । अनु॑ । प्र । अ॒व॒र्त॒त॒ । सम् । इ॒तः । ना॒वि । आऽहि॑तम् ॥
यम् । कुमार । प्र । अवर्तयः । रथम् । विप्रेभ्यः । परि । तम् । साम । अनु । प्र । अवर्तत । सम् । इतः । नावि । आहितम् ॥
yam | kumāra | pra | avartayaḥ | ratham | viprebhyaḥ | pari | tam | sāma | anu | pra | avartata | sam | itaḥ | nāvi | āhitam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.135.4 English analysis of grammar]

yaṃ < yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

kumāra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“prince; male child; child; Skanda; son; kumārabandha; kumāra [word]; young person.”

prāvartayo < prāvartayaḥ < pravartay < √vṛt

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“create; crush; administer.”

rathaṃ < ratham < ratha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

viprebhyas < viprebhyaḥ < vipra

[noun], ablative, plural, masculine

“Brahmin; poet; singer; priest; guru; Vipra.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

taṃ < tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

sāmānu < sāmā < sāman

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“Sāman; Sama-Veda; song; sāman [word]; hymn.”

sāmānu < anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

prāvartata < pravṛt < √vṛt

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“originate; issue; begin; begin; love; revolve; go; undertake; react; corrupt.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

ito < itas

[adverb]

“from here; therefore.”

nāvy < nāvi < nau

[noun], locative, singular

“ship; boat; nau [word].”

āhitam < ādhā < √dhā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“put; conceive; ignite; keep; effect; fuel; lend; cover; direct.”

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