Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.85.16
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
द्वे ते॑ च॒क्रे सू॑र्ये ब्र॒ह्माण॑ ऋतु॒था वि॑दुः । अथैकं॑ च॒क्रं यद्गुहा॒ तद॑द्धा॒तय॒ इद्वि॑दुः ॥
द्वे ते चक्रे सूर्ये ब्रह्माण ऋतुथा विदुः । अथैकं चक्रं यद्गुहा तदद्धातय इद्विदुः ॥
dve te cakre sūrye brahmāṇa ṛtuthā viduḥ | athaikaṃ cakraṃ yad guhā tad addhātaya id viduḥ ||
English translation:
“Sūrya, the Brāhmaṇas know your chariot wheels in their season; the single wheel that isconcealed, the sages know it also.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The single wheel: the two wheels are explained as tthe sun and moon, thethird wheel is the year
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sūryā sāvitrī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sūryāvivāhaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
द्वे इति॑ । ते॒ । च॒क्रे इति॑ । सू॒र्ये॒ । ब्र॒ह्माणः॑ । ऋ॒तु॒ऽथा । वि॒दुः॒ । अथ॑ । एक॑म् । च॒क्रम् । यत् । गुहा॑ । तत् । अ॒द्धा॒तयः॑ । इत् । वि॒दुः॒ ॥
द्वे इति । ते । चक्रे इति । सूर्ये । ब्रह्माणः । ऋतुथा । विदुः । अथ । एकम् । चक्रम् । यत् । गुहा । तत् । अद्धातयः । इत् । विदुः ॥
dve iti | te | cakre iti | sūrye | brahmāṇaḥ | ṛtu-thā | viduḥ | atha | ekam | cakram | yat | guhā | tat | addhātayaḥ | it | viduḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.85.16 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“two; dvi [word]; second.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”
[noun], vocative, singular, feminine
“Citrullus colocynthis Schrad..”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”
[adverb]
“seasonably.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“secretly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“guru; forecaster.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”