Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.23.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यजा॑मह॒ इन्द्रं॒ वज्र॑दक्षिणं॒ हरी॑णां र॒थ्यं१॒॑ विव्र॑तानाम् । प्र श्मश्रु॒ दोधु॑वदू॒र्ध्वथा॑ भू॒द्वि सेना॑भि॒र्दय॑मानो॒ वि राध॑सा ॥
यजामह इन्द्रं वज्रदक्षिणं हरीणां रथ्यं विव्रतानाम् । प्र श्मश्रु दोधुवदूर्ध्वथा भूद्वि सेनाभिर्दयमानो वि राधसा ॥
yajāmaha indraṃ vajradakṣiṇaṃ harīṇāṃ rathyaṃ vivratānām | pra śmaśru dodhuvad ūrdhvathā bhūd vi senābhir dayamāno vi rādhasā ||
English translation:
“We worship Indra, being in his right hand the thunderbolt, the driver of the bay horses which havemany functions; shaking his beard, he mounts on high, destroying (his enemies) by his armies he gives wealth (tohis worshippers).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vimada aindraḥ prājāpatyo vā vasukṛdvā vāsukraḥ [vimada aindra prājāpatya vā vasukṛdvā vāsukra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यजा॑महे । इन्द्र॑म् । वज्र॑ऽदक्षिणम् । हरी॑नाम् । र॒थ्य॑म् । विऽव्र॑तानाम् । प्र । श्मश्रु॑ । दोधु॑वत् । ऊ॒र्ध्वऽथा॑ । भू॒त् । वि । सेना॑भिः । दय॑मानः । वि । राध॑सा ॥
यजामहे । इन्द्रम् । वज्रदक्षिणम् । हरीनाम् । रथ्यम् । विव्रतानाम् । प्र । श्मश्रु । दोधुवत् । ऊर्ध्वथा । भूत् । वि । सेनाभिः । दयमानः । वि । राधसा ॥
yajāmahe | indram | vajra-dakṣiṇam | harīnām | rathyam | vi-vratānām | pra | śmaśru | dodhuvat | ūrdhva-thā | bhūt | vi | senābhiḥ | dayamānaḥ | vi | rādhasā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.23.1 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], masculine
“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“southern; right; south; southerly; dakṣiṇa [word]; sincere; clockwise; deft.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“refractory; loath.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“beard.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“shake.”
[adverb]
“erectly.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“army; senā [word]; armament.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“share.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”