Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.73.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒हस्र॑धा॒रेऽव॒ ते सम॑स्वरन्दि॒वो नाके॒ मधु॑जिह्वा अस॒श्चत॑: । अस्य॒ स्पशो॒ न नि मि॑षन्ति॒ भूर्ण॑यः प॒देप॑दे पा॒शिन॑: सन्ति॒ सेत॑वः ॥
सहस्रधारेऽव ते समस्वरन्दिवो नाके मधुजिह्वा असश्चतः । अस्य स्पशो न नि मिषन्ति भूर्णयः पदेपदे पाशिनः सन्ति सेतवः ॥
sahasradhāre 'va te sam asvaran divo nāke madhujihvā asaścataḥ | asya spaśo na ni miṣanti bhūrṇayaḥ pade-pade pāśinaḥ santi setavaḥ ||
English translation:
“(The Soma rays) in the firmament of a thousand streams (unite with the earth) below; in the summit of heaven, sweet-tongued, in separate drops, his rays, swiftly moving, never shut their eyes; fixed each in his plural ce, they are the molesters (of sinners).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
His rays: spaśaḥ = sārabhūtā raśmayaḥ; or, spies; never shut their eyes: 'but always keep watch to know the evil and the good, or always keep on alert as kings to guard against enemies; fixed each in his plural ce: 'in every plural ce there are barriers strewn with snares (to keep off and catch the wicked or the rākṣasas), or, prisons filled with fetters
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): pavitraḥ [pavitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒हस्र॑ऽधारे । अव॑ । ते । सम् । अ॒स॒र॒न् । दि॒वः । नाके॑ । मधु॑ऽझ्वाः । अ॒स॒श्चतः॑ । अस्य॑ । स्पशः॑ । न । नि । मि॒ष॒न्ति॒ । भूर्ण॑यः । प॒देऽप॑दे । पा॒शिनः॑ । स॒न्ति॒ सेत॑वः ॥
सहस्रधारे । अव । ते । सम् । असरन् । दिवः । नाके । मधुझ्वाः । असश्चतः । अस्य । स्पशः । न । नि । मिषन्ति । भूर्णयः । पदेपदे । पाशिनः । सन्ति सेतवः ॥
sahasra-dhāre | ava | te | sam | asaran | divaḥ | nāke | madhu-jihvāḥ | asaścataḥ | asya | spaśaḥ | na | ni | miṣanti | bhūrṇayaḥ | pade-pade | pāśinaḥ | santi | setavaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.73.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], neuter
“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“sing.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“sky; celestial sphere; Svarga; nāka [word].”
[noun], neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“inexhaustible.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“lookout; spy; spaś.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“impatient; restless.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“dam; bridge; causeway; Setu; Om; landmark; shackle.”