Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.39.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वो अ॒ग्निः सु॑म॒तिं वस्वो॑ अश्रेत्प्रती॒ची जू॒र्णिर्दे॒वता॑तिमेति । भे॒जाते॒ अद्री॑ र॒थ्ये॑व॒ पन्था॑मृ॒तं होता॑ न इषि॒तो य॑जाति ॥
ऊर्ध्वो अग्निः सुमतिं वस्वो अश्रेत्प्रतीची जूर्णिर्देवतातिमेति । भेजाते अद्री रथ्येव पन्थामृतं होता न इषितो यजाति ॥
ūrdhvo agniḥ sumatiṃ vasvo aśret pratīcī jūrṇir devatātim eti | bhejāte adrī rathyeva panthām ṛtaṃ hotā na iṣito yajāti ||
English translation:
“Let Agni, risen on high, accept the praise of the worshipper; she who makes (all creatures) old, lookingto the west, goes to the sacrifice; the pious pair, like two riders in a chariot, follow the path (of the ceremony); letthe Hotā, as enjoined, celebrate the rite.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
She who makes all creatures old: pratīcī devatātim eti =sarveṣām prajānām jarayitrī, the cause of the decay or age of all progeny, i.e. uso.devatā, the dawn,whose successive revolutions constitute old age; the pious pair: bhejāte adri: ādriyantau śraddhāvantau, thetwo reverencing or believing, i.e. the yajamāna and his wife
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्ध्वः । अ॒ग्निः । सु॒ऽम॒तिम् । वस्वः॑ । अ॒श्रे॒त् । प्र॒ती॒ची । जू॒र्णिः । दे॒वऽता॑तिम् । ए॒ति॒ । भे॒जाते॑ । अद्री॒ इति॑ । र॒थ्या॑ऽइव । पन्था॑म् । ऋ॒तम् । होता॑ । नः॒ । इ॒षि॒तः । य॒जा॒ति॒ ॥
ऊर्ध्वः । अग्निः । सुमतिम् । वस्वः । अश्रेत् । प्रतीची । जूर्णिः । देवतातिम् । एति । भेजाते । अद्री इति । रथ्याइव । पन्थाम् । ऋतम् । होता । नः । इषितः । यजाति ॥
ūrdhvaḥ | agniḥ | su-matim | vasvaḥ | aśret | pratīcī | jūrṇiḥ | deva-tātim | eti | bhejāte | adrī iti | rathyāiva | panthām | ṛtam | hotā | naḥ | iṣitaḥ | yajāti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.39.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“benevolence; favor; Sumati.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“western; facing; westbound; backward; pratyañc [word]; inverted.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“deity; Deva.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one's share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”