Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.18.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि स॒द्यो विश्वा॑ दृंहि॒तान्ये॑षा॒मिन्द्र॒: पुर॒: सह॑सा स॒प्त द॑र्दः । व्यान॑वस्य॒ तृत्स॑वे॒ गयं॑ भा॒ग्जेष्म॑ पू॒रुं वि॒दथे॑ मृ॒ध्रवा॑चम् ॥
वि सद्यो विश्वा दृंहितान्येषामिन्द्रः पुरः सहसा सप्त दर्दः । व्यानवस्य तृत्सवे गयं भाग्जेष्म पूरुं विदथे मृध्रवाचम् ॥
vi sadyo viśvā dṛṃhitāny eṣām indraḥ puraḥ sahasā sapta dardaḥ | vy ānavasya tṛtsave gayam bhāg jeṣma pūruṃ vidathe mṛdhravācam ||

English translation:

Indra, in his might, quickly demolished all their strongholds, and their seven (kinds of) cities; he hasgiven the dwelling of the son of Anu to Tṛtsu; may we, (by propitiating Indra), conquer in battle the ill-speakingman.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Seven kinds of cities: puraḥ sapta, seven cities; nagaīḥ sapta prakāraḥ or prākārāḥ, seven-walled;conquer in battle: jeṣma pūrum manuṣyam mṛdhravācam, speaking imperfectly or barbarously; orbaddhavācam, whose speech is threatening, obstructing or adverse

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

वि । स॒द्यः । विश्वा॑ । दृं॒हि॒तानि॑ । ए॒षा॒म् । इन्द्रः॑ । पुरः॑ । सह॑सा । स॒प्त । द॒र्दः॒ । वि । आन॑वस्य । तृत्स॑वे । गय॑म् । भा॒क् । जेष्म॑ । पू॒रुम् । वि॒दथे॑ । मृ॒ध्रऽवा॑चम् ॥
वि । सद्यः । विश्वा । दृंहितानि । एषाम् । इन्द्रः । पुरः । सहसा । सप्त । दर्दः । वि । आनवस्य । तृत्सवे । गयम् । भाक् । जेष्म । पूरुम् । विदथे । मृध्रवाचम् ॥
vi | sadyaḥ | viśvā | dṛṃhitāni | eṣām | indraḥ | puraḥ | sahasā | sapta | dardaḥ | vi | ānavasya | tṛtsave | gayam | bhāk | jeṣma | pūrum | vidathe | mṛdhra-vācam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.18.13 English analysis of grammar]

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

sadyo < sadyas

[adverb]

“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”

viśvā < viśva

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

dṛṃhitāny < dṛṃhitāni < dṛṃhay < √dṛh

[verb noun], accusative, plural

eṣām < idam

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

puraḥ < pur

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”

sahasā < sahas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

sapta < saptan

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“seven; seventh.”

dardaḥ < dardar < √dṛ

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“cleave.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

ānavasya < ānava

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

tṛtsave < tṛtsu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Tṛtsu.”

gayam < gaya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“house; Gaya; family; Gaya; property; Gaya; wealth; livestock.”

bhāg < bhāk < bhaj

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one's share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”

jeṣma < ji

[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”

pūruṃ < pūrum < pūru

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Pūru; Pūru.”

vidathe < vidatha

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“meeting; wisdom; council.”

mṛdhravācam < mṛdhravāc

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“abusive.”

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