Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.48.12

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

या शर्धा॑य॒ मारु॑ताय॒ स्वभा॑नवे॒ श्रवोऽमृ॑त्यु॒ धुक्ष॑त । या मृ॑ळी॒के म॒रुतां॑ तु॒राणां॒ या सु॒म्नैरे॑व॒याव॑री ॥
या शर्धाय मारुताय स्वभानवे श्रवोऽमृत्यु धुक्षत । या मृळीके मरुतां तुराणां या सुम्नैरेवयावरी ॥
yā śardhāya mārutāya svabhānave śravo 'mṛtyu dhukṣata | yā mṛḻīke marutāṃ turāṇāṃ yā sumnair evayāvarī ||

English translation:

“She who yields immortal food to the powerful, self-irradiating band of the Maruts, who (is anxious) for the gratiication of the self-moving Maruts, who traverse the sky with (the passing waters0, shedding delight.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sumnair evayāvarī: means of happiness, sukhahetubhūtaiḥ;

Evayāvari = from eva, who or what goes, as a horse, or the water of mid-air, the rain, and yāvarī, she who gies with, saha yāti ya, that is, who proceeds with rains, giving plural asure to others, anyeṣām sukhārtam vṛṣṭijālaiḥ saha gacchanti

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śaṃyurbārhaspatyaḥ [śaṃyurbārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

या । शर्धा॑य । मारु॑ताय । स्वऽभा॑नवे । श्रवः॑ । अमृ॑त्यु । धुक्ष॑त । या । मृ॒ळी॒के । म॒रुता॑म् । तु॒राणा॑म् । या । सु॒म्नैः । ए॒व॒ऽयाव॑री ॥
या । शर्धाय । मारुताय । स्वभानवे । श्रवः । अमृत्यु । धुक्षत । या । मृळीके । मरुताम् । तुराणाम् । या । सुम्नैः । एवयावरी ॥
yā | śardhāya | mārutāya | sva-bhānave | śravaḥ | amṛtyu | dhukṣata | yā | mṛḷīke | marutām | turāṇām | yā | sumnaiḥ | eva-yāvarī

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.48.12 English analysis of grammar]

< yad

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

śardhāya < śardha

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“troop.”

mārutāya < māruta

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Marut(a).”

svabhānave < sva

[noun]

“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

svabhānave < bhānave < bhānu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”

śravo < śravaḥ < śravas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“fame; glory; ear.”

'mṛtyu < amṛtyu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“ageless; immortal.”

dhukṣata < duh

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“milk.”

< yad

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mṛᄆīke < mṛḍīka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“compassion; favor.”

marutāṃ < marutām < marut

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

turāṇāṃ < turāṇām < tura

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“powerful; noble; noble.”

< yad

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

sumnair < sumnaiḥ < sumna

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“favor; benevolence; sumna [word]; entreaty; favor.”

evayāvarī < evayāvan

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

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