Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 6.38.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वर्धा॒द्यं य॒ज्ञ उ॒त सोम॒ इन्द्रं॒ वर्धा॒द्ब्रह्म॒ गिर॑ उ॒क्था च॒ मन्म॑ । वर्धाहै॑नमु॒षसो॒ याम॑न्न॒क्तोर्वर्धा॒न्मासा॑: श॒रदो॒ द्याव॒ इन्द्र॑म् ॥
वर्धाद्यं यज्ञ उत सोम इन्द्रं वर्धाद्ब्रह्म गिर उक्था च मन्म । वर्धाहैनमुषसो यामन्नक्तोर्वर्धान्मासाः शरदो द्याव इन्द्रम् ॥
vardhād yaṃ yajña uta soma indraṃ vardhād brahma gira ukthā ca manma | vardhāhainam uṣaso yāmann aktor vardhān māsāḥ śarado dyāva indram ||
English translation:
“Indra, whom the sacrifice, whom the libation exalts, whom the oblation, the praises, the prayers, the adoration exalt, whom the course of day and night exalts, whom months, and years, and days exalt.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वर्धा॑त् । यम् । य॒ज्ञः । उ॒त । सोमः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । वर्धा॑त् । ब्रह्म॑ । गिरः॑ । उ॒क्था । च॒ । मन्म॑ । वर्ध॑ । अह॑ । ए॒न॒म् । उ॒षसः॑ । याम॑न् । अ॒क्तोः । वर्धा॑न् । मासाः॑ । श॒रदः॑ । द्यावः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् ॥
वर्धात् । यम् । यज्ञः । उत । सोमः । इन्द्रम् । वर्धात् । ब्रह्म । गिरः । उक्था । च । मन्म । वर्ध । अह । एनम् । उषसः । यामन् । अक्तोः । वर्धान् । मासाः । शरदः । द्यावः । इन्द्रम् ॥
vardhāt | yam | yajñaḥ | uta | somaḥ | indram | vardhāt | brahma | giraḥ | ukthā | ca | manma | vardha | aha | enam | uṣasaḥ | yāman | aktoḥ | vardhān | māsāḥ | śaradaḥ | dyāvaḥ | indram
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 6.38.4 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“hymn; idea; purpose.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[adverb]
“aha [word]; indeed.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.).”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“expedition; path; expedition; arrival.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“night; dark; beam.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“month; lunar month; māsa [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“fall; year; śarad [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”