Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.58.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत्प्राया॑सिष्ट॒ पृष॑तीभि॒रश्वै॑र्वीळुप॒विभि॑र्मरुतो॒ रथे॑भिः । क्षोद॑न्त॒ आपो॑ रिण॒ते वना॒न्यवो॒स्रियो॑ वृष॒भः क्र॑न्दतु॒ द्यौः ॥
यत्प्रायासिष्ट पृषतीभिरश्वैर्वीळुपविभिर्मरुतो रथेभिः । क्षोदन्त आपो रिणते वनान्यवोस्रियो वृषभः क्रन्दतु द्यौः ॥
yat prāyāsiṣṭa pṛṣatībhir aśvair vīḻupavibhir maruto rathebhiḥ | kṣodanta āpo riṇate vanāny avosriyo vṛṣabhaḥ krandatu dyauḥ ||

English translation:

“When, Maruts, you come with stout-axled cars drawn by spotted steeds, then the waters descend, the forests are damaged,a nd the bright showerer (of the rain), influenced by the solar rays, may emit a downward sound.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

May emit a downward sound: avosriyo vṛṣabhaḥ krandatu dyauḥ: dyaur--vṛṣabhaḥ = the shining showerer, i.e., Parjanya, or Indra, in that capacity; usriyaḥ, in connection with the usra or rays of the sun, avakrandatu, avāṅgmukham śabdayatu, may sound with his face turned downwards, vṛṣyartham, for the sake of rain

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśva ātreyaḥ [śyāvāśva ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत् । प्र । अया॑सिष्ट । पृष॑तीभिः । अश्वैः॑ । वी॒ळु॒प॒विऽभिः॑ । म॒रु॒तः॒ । रथे॑भिः । क्षोद॑न्ते । आपः॑ । रि॒ण॒ते । वना॑नि । अव॑ । उ॒स्रियः॑ । वृ॒ष॒भः । क्र॒न्द॒तु॒ । द्यौः ॥
यत् । प्र । अयासिष्ट । पृषतीभिः । अश्वैः । वीळुपविभिः । मरुतः । रथेभिः । क्षोदन्ते । आपः । रिणते । वनानि । अव । उस्रियः । वृषभः । क्रन्दतु । द्यौः ॥
yat | pra | ayāsiṣṭa | pṛṣatībhiḥ | aśvaiḥ | vīḷupavi-bhiḥ | marutaḥ | rathebhiḥ | kṣodante | āpaḥ | riṇate | vanāni | ava | usriyaḥ | vṛṣabhaḥ | krandatu | dyauḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.58.6 English analysis of grammar]

yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

prāyāsiṣṭa < prayā < √yā

[verb], plural, Athematic sis aor. (Ind.)

“go; depart; travel; enter (a state); repair to; advance; elapse; leave; drive; walk; disappear; die; heal.”

pṛṣatībhir < pṛṣatībhiḥ < pṛṣatī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

aśvair < aśvaiḥ < aśva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

vīᄆupavibhir < vīᄆu < vīḍu

[noun]

“hard; firm.”

vīᄆupavibhir < pavibhiḥ < pavi

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“vajra; tire; rim.”

maruto < marutaḥ < marut

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

rathebhiḥ < ratha

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

kṣodanta < kṣodante < kṣud

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“pound.”

āpo < āpaḥ < ap

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

riṇate < ri

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“free; liberate; run; let go of.”

vanāny < vanāni < vana

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

avosriyo < ava

[adverb]

“down.”

avosriyo < usriyaḥ < usriya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“red.”

vṛṣabhaḥ < vṛṣabha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”

krandatu < krand

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“roar; neigh; cry; howl; shout.”

dyauḥ < div

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

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