Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.30.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
भ॒द्रमि॒दं रु॒शमा॑ अग्ने अक्र॒न्गवां॑ च॒त्वारि॒ दद॑तः स॒हस्रा॑ । ऋ॒णं॒च॒यस्य॒ प्रय॑ता म॒घानि॒ प्रत्य॑ग्रभीष्म॒ नृत॑मस्य नृ॒णाम् ॥
भद्रमिदं रुशमा अग्ने अक्रन्गवां चत्वारि ददतः सहस्रा । ऋणंचयस्य प्रयता मघानि प्रत्यग्रभीष्म नृतमस्य नृणाम् ॥
bhadram idaṃ ruśamā agne akran gavāṃ catvāri dadataḥ sahasrā | ṛṇaṃcayasya prayatā maghāni praty agrabhīṣma nṛtamasya nṛṇām ||
English translation:
“The Suśamās giving me four thousand cows, Agni, have done well; we have accepted the wealth, the donation of the leader of leaders rṇañcaya.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Ruśamās are a people of a country of the same name, the principality of ṛnañcaya
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): babhru rātreyaḥ [babhru rātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra ṛṇañcayaśca ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
भ॒द्रम् । इ॒दम् । रु॒शमाः । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अ॒क्र॒न् । गवा॑म् । च॒त्वारि॑ । दद॑तः । स॒हस्रा॑ । ऋ॒ण॒म्ऽच॒यस्य॑ । प्रऽय॑ता । म॒घानि॑ । प्रति॑ । अ॒ग्र॒भी॒ष्म॒ । नृऽत॑मस्य । नृ॒णाम् ॥
भद्रम् । इदम् । रुशमाः । अग्ने । अक्रन् । गवाम् । चत्वारि । ददतः । सहस्रा । ऋणम्चयस्य । प्रयता । मघानि । प्रति । अग्रभीष्म । नृतमस्य । नृणाम् ॥
bhadram | idam | ruśamāḥ | agne | akran | gavām | catvāri | dadataḥ | sahasrā | ṛṇam-cayasya | pra-yatā | maghāni | prati | agrabhīṣma | nṛ-tamasya | nṛṇām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.30.12 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“four; catur [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“give; emit; send; transmit.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“gift; wealth; reward; wages; reward.”
[adverb]
“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
[verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
“take; grasp; take out; extract; perceive; pick; assume; include; accept; understand; use; learn; possess; keep; choose; accept; afflict; suck; paralyze; mention; mistake; eat; wear; embrace; fill into; capture; eclipse; get; collect; hand down; marry; heed; touch.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”