Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.10.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ये अ॑ग्ने चन्द्र ते॒ गिर॑: शु॒म्भन्त्यश्व॑राधसः । शुष्मे॑भिः शु॒ष्मिणो॒ नरो॑ दि॒वश्चि॒द्येषां॑ बृ॒हत्सु॑की॒र्तिर्बोध॑ति॒ त्मना॑ ॥
ये अग्ने चन्द्र ते गिरः शुम्भन्त्यश्वराधसः । शुष्मेभिः शुष्मिणो नरो दिवश्चिद्येषां बृहत्सुकीर्तिर्बोधति त्मना ॥
ye agne candra te giraḥ śumbhanty aśvarādhasaḥ | śuṣmebhiḥ śuṣmiṇo naro divaś cid yeṣām bṛhat sukīrtir bodhati tmanā ||
English translation:
“Delightful Agni, those men who glorify you with hymns become rich in horses, and are invigorated with (foe-destroying) energies; and their great renown, spread through the firmament arouses (you) of your own accord.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Divaścid yeṣām bṛhat sukīrtir bodhati tmanā: the ṛṣi of the sūkta, Gaya is the nominative native of bodhati; evamvidham tvam gayastmanā svayam eva bodhayati, Gaya of his own accord, or of himself, as it were, arouses you Agni
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gaya ātreyaḥ [gaya ātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ये । अ॒ग्ने॒ । च॒न्द्र॒ । ते॒ । गिरः॑ । शु॒म्भन्ति॑ । अश्व॑ऽराधसः । शुष्मे॑भिः । शु॒ष्मिणः॑ । नरः॑ । दि॒वः । चि॒त् । येषा॑म् । बृ॒हत् । सु॒ऽकी॒र्तिः । बोध॑ति । त्मना॑ ॥
ये । अग्ने । चन्द्र । ते । गिरः । शुम्भन्ति । अश्वराधसः । शुष्मेभिः । शुष्मिणः । नरः । दिवः । चित् । येषाम् । बृहत् । सुकीर्तिः । बोधति । त्मना ॥
ye | agne | candra | te | giraḥ | śumbhanti | aśva-rādhasaḥ | śuṣmebhiḥ | śuṣmiṇaḥ | naraḥ | divaḥ | cit | yeṣām | bṛhat | su-kīrtiḥ | bodhati | tmanā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.10.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“aglitter(p); shining.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“look; shine; beautify.”
[noun], masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“strong; hotheaded.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], ablative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“fame; fame; glory; kīrti [word]; mention.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“self.”