Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.45.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उद्वां॑ पृ॒क्षासो॒ मधु॑मन्त ईरते॒ रथा॒ अश्वा॑स उ॒षसो॒ व्यु॑ष्टिषु । अ॒पो॒र्णु॒वन्त॒स्तम॒ आ परी॑वृतं॒ स्व१॒॑र्ण शु॒क्रं त॒न्वन्त॒ आ रज॑: ॥
उद्वां पृक्षासो मधुमन्त ईरते रथा अश्वास उषसो व्युष्टिषु । अपोर्णुवन्तस्तम आ परीवृतं स्वर्ण शुक्रं तन्वन्त आ रजः ॥
ud vām pṛkṣāso madhumanta īrate rathā aśvāsa uṣaso vyuṣṭiṣu | aporṇuvantas tama ā parīvṛtaṃ svar ṇa śukraṃ tanvanta ā rajaḥ ||
English translation:
“Your food-bearing, Soma-laden, well-horsed chariots, appearing at the opening of the dawn, scattering the surrounding darkness like the sun, and spreading bright radiance over the firmament.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उत् । वा॒म् । पृ॒क्षासः॑ । मधु॑ऽमन्तः । ई॒र॒ते॒ । रथाः॑ । अश्वा॑सः । उ॒षसः॑ । विऽउ॑ष्टिषु । अ॒प॒ऽऊ॒र्णु॒वन्तः॑ । तन्मः॑ । आ । परि॑ऽवृतम् । स्वः॑ । न । शु॒क्रम् । त॒न्वन्तः॑ । आ । रजः॑ ॥
उत् । वाम् । पृक्षासः । मधुमन्तः । ईरते । रथाः । अश्वासः । उषसः । विउष्टिषु । अपऊर्णुवन्तः । तन्मः । आ । परिवृतम् । स्वः । न । शुक्रम् । तन्वन्तः । आ । रजः ॥
ut | vām | pṛkṣāsaḥ | madhu-mantaḥ | īrate | rathāḥ | aśvāsaḥ | uṣasaḥ | vi-uṣṭi ṣu | apa-ūrṇuvantaḥ | tanmaḥ | ā | pari-vṛtam | svaḥ | na | śukram | tanvantaḥ | ā | rajaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.45.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“up.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“strong; full of life.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sweet; honeyed; sweet; pleasant.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“go.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“dawn; happiness; consequence.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“open.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“enclose.”
[adverb]
“sun; sky; sunlight.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“bright; clear; white; light; pure.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”