Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.45.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒ष स्य भा॒नुरुदि॑यर्ति यु॒ज्यते॒ रथ॒: परि॑ज्मा दि॒वो अ॒स्य सान॑वि । पृ॒क्षासो॑ अस्मिन्मिथु॒ना अधि॒ त्रयो॒ दृति॑स्तु॒रीयो॒ मधु॑नो॒ वि र॑प्शते ॥
एष स्य भानुरुदियर्ति युज्यते रथः परिज्मा दिवो अस्य सानवि । पृक्षासो अस्मिन्मिथुना अधि त्रयो दृतिस्तुरीयो मधुनो वि रप्शते ॥
eṣa sya bhānur ud iyarti yujyate rathaḥ parijmā divo asya sānavi | pṛkṣāso asmin mithunā adhi trayo dṛtis turīyo madhuno vi rapśate ||
English translation:
“The sun rises; your chariot, (Aśvins), traversing (the regions), is associated with the divine (orb) on the summit (of the eastern mountain in it are three analogous kinds of food, and the leather vessel of the sweet Soma juice appears as the fourth.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Three analogous kinds of food: pṛkṣāso mithunā trayaḥ: mithunā = twins, a pair; it is used for a number of analogous or connected objects, as mātā pitā putrastadeva mithunam, mother, father, son, constitute a twin or pair; the three sorts of food are said to be aśanam, pānam, khādaḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ए॒षः । स्यः । भा॒नुः । उत् । इ॒य॒र्ति॒ । यु॒ज्यते॑ । रथः॑ । परि॑ऽज्मा । दि॒वः । अ॒स्य । सान॑वि । पृ॒क्षासः॑ । अ॒स्मि॒न् । मि॒थु॒नाः । अधि॑ । त्रयः॑ । दृतिः॑ । तु॒रीयः॑ । मधु॑नः । वि । र॒प्श॒ते॒ ॥
एषः । स्यः । भानुः । उत् । इयर्ति । युज्यते । रथः । परिज्मा । दिवः । अस्य । सानवि । पृक्षासः । अस्मिन् । मिथुनाः । अधि । त्रयः । दृतिः । तुरीयः । मधुनः । वि । रप्शते ॥
eṣaḥ | syaḥ | bhānuḥ | ut | iyarti | yujyate | rathaḥ | pari-jmā | divaḥ | asya | sānavi | pṛkṣāsaḥ | asmin | mithunāḥ | adhi | trayaḥ | dṛtiḥ | turīyaḥ | madhunaḥ | vi | rapśate
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.45.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“that.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“enter (a state); travel; shoot; send; hit; originate; get; raise; begin; harm.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“encompassing(a).”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“tableland; ridge; peak; back; ridge; guru.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“strong; full of life.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“mated.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“hose; dṛti [word]; hide; bladder.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fourth.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“abound in.”