Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.44.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वं श्रिय॑मश्विना दे॒वता॒ तां दिवो॑ नपाता वनथ॒: शची॑भिः । यु॒वोर्वपु॑र॒भि पृक्ष॑: सचन्ते॒ वह॑न्ति॒ यत्क॑कु॒हासो॒ रथे॑ वाम् ॥
युवं श्रियमश्विना देवता तां दिवो नपाता वनथः शचीभिः । युवोर्वपुरभि पृक्षः सचन्ते वहन्ति यत्ककुहासो रथे वाम् ॥
yuvaṃ śriyam aśvinā devatā tāṃ divo napātā vanathaḥ śacībhiḥ | yuvor vapur abhi pṛkṣaḥ sacante vahanti yat kakuhāso rathe vām ||
English translation:
“Aśvins, grandsons of heaven, divinities, you enjoy that glory of your actions, that (sacrificial) food is administered to your person ns, and powerul horses draw you in your chariot.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Powerful horses: kakuhāsaḥ = mahānto aśvāḥ; or, the reference may be to praises, stutayaḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): purumīḷahājamīḷahau sauhotrau;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वम् । श्रिय॑म् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । दे॒वता॑ । तान् । दिवः॑ । न॒पा॒ता॒ । व॒न॒थः॒ । शची॑भिः । यु॒वोः । वपुः॑ । अ॒भि । पृक्षः॑ । स॒च॒न्ते॒ । वह॑न्ति । यत् । क॒कु॒हासः॑ । रथे॑ । वा॒म् ॥
युवम् । श्रियम् । अश्विना । देवता । तान् । दिवः । नपाता । वनथः । शचीभिः । युवोः । वपुः । अभि । पृक्षः । सचन्ते । वहन्ति । यत् । ककुहासः । रथे । वाम् ॥
yuvam | śriyam | aśvinā | devatā | tān | divaḥ | napātā | vanathaḥ | śacībhiḥ | yuvoḥ | vapuḥ | abhi | pṛkṣaḥ | sacante | vahanti | yat | kakuhāsaḥ | rathe | vām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.44.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“Hindu deity; Deva; deity; idol; devatā [word]; divinity; temple.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“obtain; gain; desire; get; like; love; overcome.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“Śacī; power; dexterity; ability; aid.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“body; form; miracle; human body; beauty; look; spectacle; figure; embodiment.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“food; refreshment; power.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“huge; eminent; distinguished.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”