Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.44.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तं वां॒ रथं॑ व॒यम॒द्या हु॑वेम पृथु॒ज्रय॑मश्विना॒ संग॑तिं॒ गोः । यः सू॒र्यां वह॑ति वन्धुरा॒युर्गिर्वा॑हसं पुरु॒तमं॑ वसू॒युम् ॥
तं वां रथं वयमद्या हुवेम पृथुज्रयमश्विना संगतिं गोः । यः सूर्यां वहति वन्धुरायुर्गिर्वाहसं पुरुतमं वसूयुम् ॥
taṃ vāṃ rathaṃ vayam adyā huvema pṛthujrayam aśvinā saṃgatiṃ goḥ | yaḥ sūryāṃ vahati vandhurāyur girvāhasam purutamaṃ vasūyum ||
English translation:
“We invoke, Aśvins, today, your rapid car, the associator of the solar ray; the banked car which bears Sūrya, vast, wealthy, and laden with praises.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Associator of the solar ray: saṅgatim goḥ = goḥ saṅgamayitāram, the bringer into union, or associator of Go; the basis is the connection of the Aśvins with light, or the sun
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): purumīḷahājamīḷahau sauhotrau;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तम् । वा॒म् । रथ॑म् । व॒यम् । अ॒द्य । हु॒वे॒म॒ । पृ॒थु॒ऽज्रय॑म् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । सम्ऽग॑तिम् । गोः । यः । सू॒र्याम् । वह॑ति । व॒न्धु॒र॒ऽयुः । गिर्वा॑हसम् । पु॒रु॒ऽतम॑म् । व॒सु॒ऽयुम् ॥
तम् । वाम् । रथम् । वयम् । अद्य । हुवेम । पृथुज्रयम् । अश्विना । सम्गतिम् । गोः । यः । सूर्याम् । वहति । वन्धुरयुः । गिर्वाहसम् । पुरुतमम् । वसुयुम् ॥
tam | vām | ratham | vayam | adya | huvema | pṛthu-jrayam | aśvinā | sam-gatim | goḥ | yaḥ | sūryām | vahati | vandhura-yuḥ | girvāhasam | puru-tamam | vasu-yum
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.44.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], nominative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], plural, Aorist optative
“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“meeting; association; contact.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Citrullus colocynthis Schrad..”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“most(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine