Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.36.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
एकं॒ वि च॑क्र चम॒सं चतु॑र्वयं॒ निश्चर्म॑णो॒ गाम॑रिणीत धी॒तिभि॑: । अथा॑ दे॒वेष्व॑मृत॒त्वमा॑नश श्रु॒ष्टी वा॑जा ऋभव॒स्तद्व॑ उ॒क्थ्य॑म् ॥
एकं वि चक्र चमसं चतुर्वयं निश्चर्मणो गामरिणीत धीतिभिः । अथा देवेष्वमृतत्वमानश श्रुष्टी वाजा ऋभवस्तद्व उक्थ्यम् ॥
ekaṃ vi cakra camasaṃ caturvayaṃ niś carmaṇo gām ariṇīta dhītibhiḥ | athā deveṣv amṛtatvam ānaśa śruṣṭī vājā ṛbhavas tad va ukthyam ||
English translation:
“You have made the single ladle fourfold; by your (marvellous) acts you have clothed the cow with a (new) hide; therefore you have obtained immortality among the gods; such acts, Vājas and Ṛbhus, are to be eagerly glorified.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
एक॒म् । वि । च॒क्र॒ । च॒म॒सम् । चतुः॑ऽवयम् । निः । चर्म॑णः । गाम् । अ॒रि॒णी॒त॒ । धी॒तिऽभिः॑ । अथ॑ । दे॒वेषु॑ । अ॒मृ॒त॒ऽत्वम् । आ॒न॒श॒ । श्रु॒श्टी । वा॒जाः॒ । ऋ॒भ॒वः॒ । तत् । वः॒ । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् ॥
एकम् । वि । चक्र । चमसम् । चतुःवयम् । निः । चर्मणः । गाम् । अरिणीत । धीतिभिः । अथ । देवेषु । अमृतत्वम् । आनश । श्रुश्टी । वाजाः । ऋभवः । तत् । वः । उक्थ्यम् ॥
ekam | vi | cakra | camasam | catuḥ-vayam | niḥ | carmaṇaḥ | gām | ariṇīta | dhīti-bhiḥ | atha | deveṣu | amṛta-tvam | ānaśa | śruśṭī | vājāḥ | ṛbhavaḥ | tat | vaḥ | ukthyam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.36.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“camasa; beaker; cake.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“quadruple.”
[adverb]
“niḥ; away; out; without.”
[noun], ablative, singular, neuter
“leather; hide; shield; skin; carman [word]; carman; hide.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“free; liberate; run; let go of.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“thinking; prayer; understanding.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun]
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“Ribhus.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“applaudable.”