Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.32.22

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र ते॑ ब॒भ्रू वि॑चक्षण॒ शंसा॑मि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां॒ गा अनु॑ शिश्रथः ॥
प्र ते बभ्रू विचक्षण शंसामि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां गा अनु शिश्रथः ॥
pra te babhrū vicakṣaṇa śaṃsāmi goṣaṇo napāt | mābhyāṃ gā anu śiśrathaḥ ||

English translation:

“Wise Indra, I praise your brown (horses); bestower of kine, (who are) not regardless (of your worshippers); with those two steeds terrify not our cattle.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Not regardless of your worshippers: he napāt na pātayitāḥ stotṛn avināśayitaḥ kintu pālayitaḥ itaryarthaḥ, oḥ you, not casting down, not injuring or destroying, those who praise, that is, cherishing them

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । ते॒ । ब॒भ्रू इति॑ । वि॒ऽच॒क्ष॒ण॒ । शंसा॑मि । गो॒ऽस॒णः॒ । न॒पा॒त् । मा । आ॒भ्या॒म् । गाः । अनु॑ । शि॒श्र॒थः॒ ॥
प्र । ते । बभ्रू इति । विचक्षण । शंसामि । गोसणः । नपात् । मा । आभ्याम् । गाः । अनु । शिश्रथः ॥
pra | te | babhrū iti | vi-cakṣaṇa | śaṃsāmi | go--saṇaḥ | napāt | mā | ābhyām | gāḥ | anu | śiśrathaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.32.22 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

babhrū < babhru

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

“tawny; brown.”

vicakṣaṇa

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“expert; wise; discerning; clear-sighted; conversant(p); bright.”

śaṃsāmi < śaṃs

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“recommend; tell; praise; approve; communicate; recite; commend; bode; name; agree.”

goṣaṇo < goṣaṇaḥ < goṣan

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

napāt

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”

mābhyāṃ <

[adverb]

“not.”

mābhyāṃ < ābhyām < idam

[noun], ablative, dual, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

< gāḥ < go

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

śiśrathaḥ < śrath

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

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