Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.16.12

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कुत्सा॑य॒ शुष्ण॑म॒शुषं॒ नि ब॑र्हीः प्रपि॒त्वे अह्न॒: कुय॑वं स॒हस्रा॑ । स॒द्यो दस्यू॒न्प्र मृ॑ण कु॒त्स्येन॒ प्र सूर॑श्च॒क्रं वृ॑हताद॒भीके॑ ॥
कुत्साय शुष्णमशुषं नि बर्हीः प्रपित्वे अह्नः कुयवं सहस्रा । सद्यो दस्यून्प्र मृण कुत्स्येन प्र सूरश्चक्रं वृहतादभीके ॥
kutsāya śuṣṇam aśuṣaṃ ni barhīḥ prapitve ahnaḥ kuyavaṃ sahasrā | sadyo dasyūn pra mṛṇa kutsyena pra sūraś cakraṃ vṛhatād abhīke ||

English translation:

“For Kutsa, you have slain the unhappy Śuṣṇa and in the forepart of the day, attended by thousands (you have slain) Kuyava with the thunderbolt; you have swiftly destroyed the Dasyus, and you have cut them to pieces in the battle, with the wheel (of the chariot of) the sun.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

कुत्सा॑य । शुष्ण॑म् । अ॒शुष॑म् । नि । ब॒र्हीः॒ । प्र॒ऽपि॒त्वे । अह्नः॑ । कुय॑वम् । स॒हस्रा॑ । स॒द्यः । दस्यू॑न् । प्र । मृ॒ण॒ । कु॒त्स्येन॑ । प्र । सूरः॑ । च॒क्रम् । वृ॒ह॒ता॒त् । अ॒भीके॑ ॥
कुत्साय । शुष्णम् । अशुषम् । नि । बर्हीः । प्रपित्वे । अह्नः । कुयवम् । सहस्रा । सद्यः । दस्यून् । प्र । मृण । कुत्स्येन । प्र । सूरः । चक्रम् । वृहतात् । अभीके ॥
kutsāya | śuṣṇam | aśuṣam | ni | barhīḥ | pra-pitve | ahnaḥ | kuyavam | sahasrā | sadyaḥ | dasyūn | pra | mṛṇa | kutsyena | pra | sūraḥ | cakram | vṛhatāt | abhīke

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.16.12 English analysis of grammar]

kutsāya < kutsa

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Kutsa; kutsa [word].”

śuṣṇam < śuṣṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Śuṣṇa.”

aśuṣaṃ < aśuṣam < aśuṣa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“edacious.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

barhīḥ < bṛṃh

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

prapitve < prapitva

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“beginning.”

ahnaḥ < ahar

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”

kuyavaṃ < kuyavam < kuyava

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

sahasrā < sahasra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

sadyo < sadyas

[adverb]

“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”

dasyūn < dasyu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

mṛṇa < mṛṇ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“kill; crush.”

kutsyena < kutsya

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

sūraś < sūraḥ < svar

[adverb]

“sun; sky; sunlight.”

cakraṃ < cakram < cakra

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”

vṛhatād < vṛhatāt < vṛh

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“extract.”

abhīke < abhīka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“battle; meeting.”

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