Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.20.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स ह॑ श्रु॒त इन्द्रो॒ नाम॑ दे॒व ऊ॒र्ध्वो भु॑व॒न्मनु॑षे द॒स्मत॑मः । अव॑ प्रि॒यम॑र्शसा॒नस्य॑ सा॒ह्वाञ्छिरो॑ भरद्दा॒सस्य॑ स्व॒धावा॑न् ॥
स ह श्रुत इन्द्रो नाम देव ऊर्ध्वो भुवन्मनुषे दस्मतमः । अव प्रियमर्शसानस्य साह्वाञ्छिरो भरद्दासस्य स्वधावान् ॥
sa ha śruta indro nāma deva ūrdhvo bhuvan manuṣe dasmatamaḥ | ava priyam arśasānasya sāhvāñ chiro bharad dāsasya svadhāvān ||
English translation:
“May the renowned and graceful Indra, who is verily divine, be present over men; may he, the vigorous conqueror of foes, cast down the precious head of the malignant Dāsa.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Dāsa = a slave, here said to be the nameof an asura
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । ह॒ । शृउ॒तः । इन्द्रः॑ । नाम॑ । दे॒वः । ऊ॒र्ध्वः । भु॒व॒न् । मनु॑षे । द॒स्मऽत॑मः । अव॑ । प्रि॒यम् । अ॒र्श॒सा॒नस्य॑ । शा॒ह्वान् । शिरः॑ । भ॒र॒त् । दा॒सस्य॑ । स्व॒धाऽवा॑न् ॥
सः । ह । शृउतः । इन्द्रः । नाम । देवः । ऊर्ध्वः । भुवन् । मनुषे । दस्मतमः । अव । प्रियम् । अर्शसानस्य । शाह्वान् । शिरः । भरत् । दासस्य । स्वधावान् ॥
saḥ | ha | śṛutaḥ | indraḥ | nāma | devaḥ | ūrdhvaḥ | bhuvan | manuṣe | dasma-tamaḥ | ava | priyam | arśasānasya | śāhvān | śiraḥ | bharat | dāsasya | svadhāvān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.20.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“by name; indeed; however; indeed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“upper; up(a); upper; upward; erect; more(a); raised; ūrdhva [word]; acclivitous; overturned; loud; eminent; high.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Manu; man.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“endure; overcome; habituate.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“head; top; peak; battlefront; śiras [word]; beginning; skull.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“slave; Dāsa; servant; savage; Shudra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“autonomous; independent.”