Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.18.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ द्वाभ्यां॒ हरि॑भ्यामिन्द्र या॒ह्या च॒तुर्भि॒रा ष॒ड्भिर्हू॒यमा॑नः । आष्टा॒भिर्द॒शभि॑: सोम॒पेय॑म॒यं सु॒तः सु॑मख॒ मा मृध॑स्कः ॥
आ द्वाभ्यां हरिभ्यामिन्द्र याह्या चतुर्भिरा षड्भिर्हूयमानः । आष्टाभिर्दशभिः सोमपेयमयं सुतः सुमख मा मृधस्कः ॥
ā dvābhyāṃ haribhyām indra yāhy ā caturbhir ā ṣaḍbhir hūyamānaḥ | āṣṭābhir daśabhiḥ somapeyam ayaṃ sutaḥ sumakha mā mṛdhas kaḥ ||
English translation:
“Come, Indra, when invoked, with two horses, or with four, or with six, or with eight, or with ten, to drink the Soma; object of worship, Soma is poured out; do not wrong (to the libation).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
With two horses: Although the horses of Indra are but two, yet, from their supernatural faculties, they may multiply themselves without limit
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आ । द्वाभ्या॑म् । हरि॑ऽभ्याम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । या॒हि॒ । आ । च॒तुःऽभिः॑ । आ । ष॒ट्ऽभिः । हू॒यमा॑नः । आ । अ॒ष्टा॒भिः । द॒शऽभिः॑ । सो॒म॒ऽपेय॑म् । अ॒यम् । सु॒तः । सु॒ऽम॒ख॒ । मा । मृधः॑ । क॒रिति॑ कः ॥
आ । द्वाभ्याम् । हरिभ्याम् । इन्द्र । याहि । आ । चतुःभिः । आ । षट्भिः । हूयमानः । आ । अष्टाभिः । दशभिः । सोमपेयम् । अयम् । सुतः । सुमख । मा । मृधः । करिति कः ॥
ā | dvābhyām | hari-bhyām | indra | yāhi | ā | catuḥ-bhiḥ | ā | ṣaṭ-bhiḥ | hūyamānaḥ | ā | aṣṭābhiḥ | daśa-bhiḥ | soma-peyam | ayam | sutaḥ | su-makha | mā | mṛdhaḥ | karitikaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.18.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], instrumental, dual, masculine
“two; dvi [word]; second.”
[noun], instrumental, dual, masculine
“Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“four; catur [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“six; ṣaṣ; sixth; ṣaṣ [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“eight; eighth; aṣṭan [word].”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“ten; tenth; daśan [word].”
[noun], masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“beverage.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“press out; su.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”